Ngā Mahi Matua me ngā Mātāpono Mahi o ngā Puoto Waipēhi i roto i ngā Pūnaha Hou
Te Mahi a ngā Pūwero Waipēhi
He pūwhakaoho te rango waipēhi i roto i ngā pūnaha waipēhi. Ka hurihia e ia te kaha waipēhi hei kaha miihini mō te nekehanga rārangi tika. Ko te mātāpono mahi e whai ana i te ture a Pascal. Ka pana te pēhanga hinu waipēhi i te piston ki roto i te ngongo rango.
Tukanga Mahi:
- Whakaurunga HinuKa tukuna te hinu e te papu waipēhi ki roto i te ngongo rango
- Te Nekehanga o te PistonI raro i te pēhanga, ka panaia e te piston te kawenga i te rārangi tika
- Whiu WhakahokiKia tae ki te tūranga, ka rere anō te hinu hei whakaoti i te huringa
Mā tēnei hoahoa māmā ka puta he kaha whakaputa. Ka taea e te rango waipēhi te whakahaere i ngā kawenga taumaha me te whakahaere tika.
Ngā Wāhanga Matua o te Whakamahinga:
He maha ngā ahumahi e whakamahi ana i ngā rango waipēhi. He nui te kaha pana e tukuna ana e rātou mō ngā mīhini e hiahia ana ki te nekehanga raina. Ko ngā wāhanga matua ko:
- Ngā mīhini pēhi waipēhi mō te hanga whakarewa
- Ngā mīhini hanga whare pērā i ngā keri
- Ngā taputapu whakarewa
- Ngā mīhini whakakoi werohanga
- Ngā pūnaha hanga
He rerekē ngā awhe kaha o ia momo rango waipēhi. Ka whiriwhiria e ngā kaihangarau i runga i ngā whakaritenga kawenga me te hoahoa pūnaha.
Ngā Rerekētanga o te Diameter o te Pūwero me ō rātou Pānga ki te Mahi a te Kaha Putanga o te Puwero
Te Hononga i waenganui i te Pū me te Kaha
Ko te whānui o te pūaha te mea e whakatau ana i te kaha whakaputa o te rango waipēhi. Ka nui ake te kaha ka puta mai i te pūaha nui ake. He māmā noa te tātai:
Kei hea:
- F= Te kaha ariā (Ngā Newton)
- D= Te whānui o te poka (mm)
- P= Pēhanga pūnaha (MPa)
Ngā Kāwai Rahi Pū:
He rerekē ngā rahi o ngā poka e mahi ana i ngā mahi rerekē:
| Momo Pūwero | Diameter | Ngā Painga | Ngā Here | Ngā tono |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poka Iti | 50-80mm | He hoahoa kiato, he utu iti, he urupare tere | Putanga kaha iti | Ngā taputapu tino tika, ngā wāhi kuiti |
| Poka Waenga | 100-160mm | He kaha taurite me te tere, he maha ngā mahi | Me whai pūnaha pēhanga-waenga | Ngā mīhini waipēhi whānui, ngā mīhini |
| Poka Nui | 200mm+ | He kaha nui, he mahi pumau | He rahi nui, he utu nui, me te hiahia ki te pēhanga teitei | Ngā mīhini pēhi taumaha, ngā taputapu whakarewa |
He mea nui anō te diameter o te piston rod
Ko te whānui o te tokotoko piston he 30% ki te 70% o te rahi o te pū. He pai ake te ātete o te tokotoko matotoru ki te piko. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā whiu roa, ngā kawenga taha rānei. Mō ngā whiu neke atu i te 1.5 mita, he mea nui te hoahoa ārai-piko. Ki te kore he hoahoa tika, ka piko pea te tokotoko i raro i te kawenga.
I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi rango waipēhi, whakaarohia ngā rahi o te pū me te tokotoko. Mā te huinga tika ka taea te whakarite kia pono te mahi me te roa o te ora ratonga.
He Aratohu Kōwhiri Rauemi mō ngā Ngongo Porotaka, ngā Rakau Piston, me ngā Wāhanga Matua
Ngā Rauemi Ngongo Porotaka
Ka pupuri te ngongo rango i te hinu waipēhi, ā, ka ārahi i te piston. Ko te kōwhiringa rauemi ka whakawhirinaki ki te pēhanga me te taiao:
| Rauemi | Ngā Āhuatanga | Whakatauranga Pēhanga | Ngā Tuhipoka |
|---|---|---|---|
| #20 Rino Tuitui | He iti te waro, he pai te whakarewa, he iti te utu | Iti (≤10MPa) | Me whakakoi ki te Ra ≤0.4μm |
| #35 Rino Tuitui | Waro waenga, kaha taurite | Waenga (10-20MPa) | He pai te mahi whānui |
| #45 Rino Tuitui | He nui te waro, he kaha, he ātete ki te kakahu | Teitei (≥20MPa) | Ko te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu mō ngā pūnaha pēhanga teitei |
| Kowiri tira (304/316) | Ātete ki te waikura, utu nui ake | Ngā tikanga motuhake | Ngā taiao matū, moana |
Mō te nuinga o ngā tono rango waipēhi, ko te maitai tui #45 te mea tino pai. Ka taea te tu atu ki te pēhanga teitei, ā, ka ātete hoki ki te pakaru.
Ngā Rauemi o te Rākau Piston
Ka hono te tokotoko piston ki te kawenga. Me ātete ki te piko me te kakahu:
| Rauemi | Te maimoatanga | Te pakeketanga | Ngā tono |
|---|---|---|---|
| #45 Rino (Tōtika) | Kua tineihia + whakakikoruatia ki te Chrome | 229-285HB, 45-55HRC i muri i te chrome | Whakamahinga whānui |
| Rino Koranu 40Cr | Kua tineihia + Whakapakari auau-teitei + Whakakikorua Chrome | 30% teitei ake te ātete kakahu | He nui te mau, he roa te ora e hiahiatia ana |
| #35/#45 Rino Tuitui (Poka) | He rite tonu ki te totoka, he kōhao hau | He rite tonu ki te totoka | Ngā hiahia mō te whakaiti taumaha |
| Kowiri tira | Mata kua orohia, kua pania rānei | Ka rerekē i runga i te māka | Ngā ahumahi waikura, kai, hauora |
Ko te whakakikoruatanga chrome te paerewa mō te nuinga o ngā rākau piston. Ka ātete te mata chrome mārō ki te pakaru me te waikura. Mō ngā āhuatanga uaua, ka tukuna e te maitai koranu 40Cr he ātete pakaru 30% pai ake.
Ētahi atu Wāhanga Matua
- PītonaHe mea hanga mai i te rino maka ātete-kakahu, te rino hina (HT300/350), te maitai, te koranu konumohe rānei. Me noho te ōritetanga ki te tokotoko i roto i te 0.03mm.
- Taupoki PūangiKo ngā momo pēhanga iti ka whakamahi i te whakarewa. Ko ngā momo pēhanga waenga ka whakamahi i te rino hina HT300. Ko ngā momo pēhanga teitei ka whakamahi i te maitai #35, #45 rānei. He maha ngā paparanga kakahu koranu parahi kei ngā mata arataki.
- Ngā hiriRapa nitrile (ātete ki te hinu), polyurethane (ātete ki te kakahu), rapa fluoro rānei (mahana teitei). Kōwhiria i runga i te momo hinu waipēhi me te pāmahana whakahaere.
Ngā Tohutohu Kōwhiringa Whaihua
- Whakatakotoria te Pēhanga Tuatahi, Kātahi ka Tātaihia te PokaTīmata ki te kawenga e hiahiatia ana e koe. Tātaihia te kaha e hiahiatia ana. Kātahi ka whiriwhiria te rahi o te poka e tino whai hua ana.
- Tāpirihia te Tapeke HaumaruMe 20% ki te 30% teitei ake te pēhanga hoahoa i te pēhanga pūnaha mōrahi
- Taiao WhakataetaeMō ngā wāhi waikura o waho, whiriwhiria he kowiri tira me ngā paninga tiaki. Mō ngā pāmahana tiketike, whakamahia he hiri rapa fluoro.
- Whakaarohia te Kāhua WhakamauKa pā te whakapiringa o te flange, te kanohi, te clevis rānei ki te hanganga o te rango waipēhi. Whakaūtia te momo whakapiringa i mua i te wā kia kore ai e whakarerekētia i muri mai.
Whakatau Whakamutunga
He mea nui ngā pūwero waipēhi hei whakaoho i roto i te ahumahi hou. Ka hurihia e rātou te mana wai hei nekehanga raina pono. Ka pā tika te whānui o te pūwero ki te kaha whakaputa, ā, ka nui ake te mana pana o ngā pūwero nui. Ko te kōwhiringa rauemi te mea e whakatau ana i te roa me te mahi o te pūwero. Ko ngā ngongo pūwero e whakamahi ana i te maitai #45 kore hononga mō ngā tono pēhanga teitei. Me whai maimoatanga mata ngā tokotoko piston pērā i te whakakikorua chrome hei ātete ki te kakahu. Me whakataurite e ngā miihini ngā whakaritenga kaha, ngā āhuatanga taiao, me te utu i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i te pūwero waipēhi. Mā te mārama ki ngā pānga pūwero me ngā āhuatanga rauemi, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te whiriwhiri i te pūwero tika mō ia tono. Mā tēnei ka roa te ora ratonga me te mahi tino pai puta noa i ngā mīhini pēhi waipēhi, ngā taputapu hanga, me ngā pūnaha hanga.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-15-2026
