Imashini ikoresha hydraulic pressure ifite inkingi enye ijyana amavuta ya hydraulic kuri valve block munsi y'ikoreshwa rya pompe y'amavuta. Sisitemu yo kugenzura igenzura buri valve ku buryo amavuta ya hydraulic afite umuvuduko mwinshi agera mu byumba byo hejuru n'ibyo hasi bya silinda ya hydraulic, bigatuma hydraulic pressure igenda. Imashini ikoresha hydraulic pressure ni igikoresho gikoresha amazi kugira ngo cyohereze umuvuduko.
Amavuta ya hydraulic ni ingenzi cyane ku makarito ya hydraulic afite inkingi enye kandi ni imwe mu ngamba z'ingenzi zo kugabanya ubusaza bw'imashini. Guhitamo amavuta ya hydraulic akwiye bifitanye isano itaziguye n'igihe imashini ya hydraulic imara.
Mu guhitamo amavuta yo gukoresha imashini ikoresha hydraulic complex ine, ugomba kubanza guhitamo viscosity ikwiye. Guhitamo viscosity y'amavuta bigomba kuzirikana imiterere y'imiterere, ubushyuhe bw'imikorere n'umuvuduko w'imikorere ya sisitemu ya hydraulic. Muri sisitemu yo kohereza amavuta ya hydraulic, pompe y'amavuta ni kimwe mu bice by'ingenzi bikunze kugaragara mu mpinduka mu viscosity y'amavuta ya hydraulic. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa pompe buri imwe ifite viscosity ntoya kandi ntarengwa yemewe. Kugira ngo ugabanye ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, amavuta afite viscosity nke muri rusange agomba gukoreshwa uko bishoboka kose. Ariko, kugira ngo amavuta y'ingenzi ashyiremo amavuta kandi hirindwe ko amazi asohoka, amavuta ya hydraulic afite viscosity ikwiye agomba gutoranywa.
| Ubwoko bwa pompe | Sentistoke z'ubukana (40℃) | Ubwoko butandukanye | |
| 5-40℃ | 40-80℃ | ||
| Pompe ya Vane iri munsi ya 7Mpa | 30-50 | 40-75 | HL |
| Pompe ya Vane 7Mpa hejuru | 50-70 | 55-90 | HM |
| Pompe ya screw | 30-50 | 40-80 | HL |
| Pompe y'ibikoresho | 30-70 | 95-165 | HL cyangwa HM |
| Pompe ya piston ikoresha radial | 30-50 | 65-240 | HL cyangwa HM |
| Pompe ya piston y'inkingi y'uruziga | 40 | 70-150 | HL cyangwa HY |
1. Urutonde rw'icyitegererezo cy'amavuta ya Hydraulic
Ubwoko bw'amavuta ya hydraulic bushyirwa mu byiciro bitatu bisanzwe by'igihugu: Ubwoko bwa HL, Ubwoko bwa HM, n'ubwoko bwa HG.
(1) Amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa HL akozwe mu mavuta asukuye kandi afite ubujyakuzimu buri hagati, hamwe n’inyongera zirwanya ingese n’izirwanya ingese. Dukurikije uko ubushyuhe bugenda kuri dogere selisiyusi 40, ubushyuhe bushobora kugabanywamo ibice bitandatu: 15, 22, 32, 46, 68, na 100.
(2) Ubwoko bwa HM burimo alkaline nyinshi, alkaline nkeya, zinc nyinshi zitagira ivu n'ubwoko butagira ivu. Dukurikije uko ubushyuhe bugenda kuri dogere selisiyusi 40, viscosity igabanyijemo ibice bine: 22, 32, 46, na 68.
(3) Ubwoko bwa HG bufite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese no kurwanya oxidation. Byongeye kandi, hongeweho ikintu gitera imbaraga mu gupima ubushyuhe, gifite imiterere myiza ya viscosity n'ubushyuhe.
2. Imikoreshereze y'icyitegererezo cy'amavuta ya Hydraulic
(1) Amavuta ya HL hydraulic akoreshwa mu gusiga amavuta mu dusanduku tw’imodoka no mu buryo bwo kuzenguruka buhoro bw’ibikoresho bitandukanye by’imashini aho nta byangombwa byihariye by’amavuta bibaho kandi ubushyuhe bw’ikirere buri hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi zeru. Muri rusange ibyo bikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo kuziba neza, kandi ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo kubikoresha bushobora kugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 80.
(2) Amavuta ya HM hydraulic akoreshwa cyane cyane muri sisitemu ya hydraulic ya pompe zikomeye, zifite umuvuduko uciriritse n'umuvuduko mwinshi, pompe za plunger na pompe za gear. Byongeye kandi, ubwo bwoko bwa hydraulic bukwiriye kandi ibikoresho by'ubuhanga bifite umuvuduko uciriritse n'umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe na sisitemu ya hydraulic y'imodoka.
(3) Amavuta ya HG hydraulic afite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya ingese, kurwanya oxidation, kurwanya kwangirika no kudacika intege, bityo akaba akwiriye cyane cyane sisitemu zo gusiga amavuta zikoresha hydraulic tool tools na lead reils.
Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere y'amavuta ya hydraulic afite imiterere itandukanye ya viscosity hakurikijwe ibisabwa bitandukanye ni ubu bukurikira.
| Sentistoke zo mu rwego rwa Viscosity (40℃) | Ubushyuhe bukenewe mu gutangira ni senti 860 | Ubushyuhe bukenewe mu gutangira ni senti 110 | Uburemere ntarengwa busabwa mu gihe cyo gukora ni sentimetero 54 | Uburemere ntarengwa busabwa mu gihe cyo gukora ni sentimetero 13 |
| 32 | -12℃ | 6℃ | Ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 27°C | 62℃ |
| 46 | -6℃ | 12℃ | 34℃ | 71℃ |
| 68 | 0℃ | 19℃ | 42℃ | 81℃ |
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'amavuta ya hydraulic ku isoko, kandi hari n'ubwoko bwinshi bw'imashini za hydraulic. Nubwo imikorere y'amavuta ya hydraulic ari imwe muri rusange, birakenewe guhitamo amavuta atandukanye ya hydraulic ku mashini zitandukanye za hydraulic. Mu guhitamo amavuta ya hydraulic, abakozi bagomba gusobanukirwa icyo basabwa gukora cyane cyane, hanyuma bagahitamo amavuta ya hydraulic akwiye ku mashini ya hydraulic.
Uburyo bwo guhitamo amavuta ya Hydraulic akwiye mu imashini ya Hydraulic Press
Uburyo bubiri bukunze gukoreshwa mu guhitamo amavuta ya hydraulic. Ubwa mbere ni uguhitamo amavuta ya hydraulic hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'amavuta n'ibipimo byatanzwe n'ingero cyangwa amabwiriza y'uruganda rukora hydraulic press. Ubundi ni ugusuzuma byimazeyo uburyo amavuta ya hydraulic atoranywa hashingiwe ku miterere yihariye y'imashini ya hydraulic, nk'umuvuduko w'akazi, ubushyuhe bw'akazi, umuvuduko w'ingendo, ubwoko bw'ibice bya hydraulic n'ibindi bintu.
Mu guhitamo, imirimo y'ingenzi igomba gukorwa ni: kugena ingano y'ubushyuhe bw'amavuta ya hydraulic, guhitamo ubwoko bw'amavuta ya hydraulic bukwiye, no guhaza ibyifuzo byihariye bya sisitemu ya hydraulic.
Ubusanzwe bitoranywa hakurikijwe ingingo zikurikira:
(1) Dukurikije amahitamo atandukanye y'imashini zikora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi
Imashini zikora neza n'imashini rusange zifite ibisabwa bitandukanye byo gupima ubushyuhe. Kugira ngo hirindwe guhinduka kw'ibice by'imashini biterwa n'izamuka ry'ubushyuhe no kugira ingaruka ku buryo bufatika bwo gukora, imashini zikora neza zigomba gukoresha amavuta ya hydraulic afite ubushyuhe buke.
(2) Hitamo ukurikije ubwoko bwa pompe y'amazi
Pompe ya hydraulic ni ingenzi mu imashini ikoresha hydraulic. Mu imashini ikoresha hydraulic, umuvuduko wayo, umuvuduko wayo n'izamuka ry'ubushyuhe ni byinshi, kandi igihe ikora ni kirekire, bityo ibisabwa kugira ngo ikore neza ni bito cyane. Bityo, pompe ya hydraulic igomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo guhitamo imashini ikoresha hydraulic.
(3) Hitamo ukurikije umuvuduko w'imikorere y'icyuma gikamura amazi
Iyo umuvuduko uri hejuru, amavuta afite ubukana bwinshi agomba gukoreshwa kugira ngo hirindwe gusohoka cyane kw'imikorere no kudakora neza. Iyo umuvuduko wo gukora uri hasi, ni byiza gukoresha amavuta afite ubukana buke, bishobora kugabanya igihombo.
(4) Tekereza ubushyuhe bw'aho akazi gakorerwa mu imashini ikoresha amazi
Ubushyuhe bw'amavuta y'ubutare buhinduka cyane bitewe n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe. Kugira ngo habeho ubushyuhe bukwiye ku bushyuhe bw'akazi, hagomba kandi kwitabwaho ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere bukikije.
(5) Tekereza umuvuduko w'impinduka z'ibice bikora by'imashini ikoresha amazi
Iyo umuvuduko w'ibice bikora muri sisitemu ya hydraulic uri hejuru cyane, umuvuduko w'amavuta na wo uba uri hasi, igihombo cya hydraulic kiyongera ku buryo butunguranye, kandi amazi akagabanuka, bityo ni byiza gukoresha amavuta afite ubukana buke.
(6) Hitamo ubwoko bukwiye bw'amavuta ya hydraulic
Guhitamo amavuta ya hydraulic mu nganda zisanzwe bishobora kugabanyaimashini ikoresha amashanyarazibinanirana kandi byongera igihe cyo gukora imashini itangaza amakuru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-24-2023
