Mochini o hatisang wa hydraulic o nang le dikholomo tse nne o isa oli ya hydraulic bolokong ba valve tlasa tshusumetso ya pompo ya oli. Sistimi ya taolo e laola valve ka nngwe e le hore oli ya hydraulic e nang le kgatello e phahameng e fihle dikamoreng tse ka hodimo le tse ka tlase tsa silindara ya hydraulic, e leng se etsang hore mochine o hatisang wa hydraulic o tsamaye. Mochini o hatisang wa hydraulic ke sesebediswa se sebedisang mokelikeli ho fetisa kgatello.
Oli ea haeteroliki e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa likhatiso tsa haeteroliki tsa mela e mene 'me ke e 'ngoe ea mehato ea bohlokoa ea ho fokotsa ho senyeha ha mochini. Ho khetha oli e nepahetseng ea haeteroliki ho amana ka ho toba le bophelo ba tšebeletso ea mochini oa haeteroliki.
Ha o kgetha oli bakeng sa kgatiso ya hydraulic ya dikholomo tse nne, o tlameha ho kgetha pele viscosity e loketseng. Kgetho ya viscosity ya oli e lokela ho nahana ka dibopeho tsa sebopeho, mocheso o sebetsang le kgatello ya tshebetso ya sistimi ya hydraulic. Sistiming ya phetiso ya hydraulic, pompo ya oli ke e nngwe ya dikarolo tse utlwahalang haholo diphetohong tsa viscosity ya oli ya hydraulic. Mefuta e fapaneng ya dipompo e na le viscosity e tlase le e phahameng e dumelletsweng. E le ho fokotsa tshebediso ya matla, oli e nang le viscosity e tlase e lokela ho sebediswa ka hohle kamoo ho ka kgonehang. Leha ho le jwalo, e le ho tlotsa dikarolo tsa bohlokwa le ho thibela ho dutla, oli ya hydraulic ya viscosity e loketseng e hloka ho kgethwa.
| Mofuta oa pompo | Li-centistoke tse tiileng (40℃) | Mefuta e fapaneng | |
| 5-40℃ | 40-80℃ | ||
| Pompo ea Vane e ka tlase ho 7Mpa | 30-50 | 40-75 | HL |
| Pompo ea Vane 7Mpa ka holimo | 50-70 | 55-90 | HM |
| Pompo ea nseru | 30-50 | 40-80 | HL |
| Pompo ea lisebelisoa | 30-70 | 95-165 | HL kapa HM |
| Pompo ea piston ea radial | 30-50 | 65-240 | HL kapa HM |
| Pompo ea piston ea Axial kholomo | 40 | 70-150 | HL kapa HY |
1. Tlhophiso ea Mohlala oa Oli ea Haeteroliki
Mefuta ea oli ea hydraulic e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e meraro ea naha: mofuta oa HL, mofuta oa HM, le mofuta oa HG.
(1) Oli ea hydraulic ea mofuta oa HL e entsoe ka oli e hloekisitsoeng, e tebileng haholo ea motheo o mahareng, hammoho le li-antioxidant le li-anti-rust tse eketsang. Ho ea ka motsamao oa likhato tse 40 tsa Celsius, viscosity e ka aroloa ka lihlopha tse tšeletseng: 15, 22, 32, 46, 68, le 100.
(2) Mefuta ea HM e kenyelletsa alkaline e ngata, alkaline e tlase ea zinki, zinki e sa nke lehlakore e phahameng le mefuta e se nang molora. Ho ea ka motsamao oa likhato tse 40 tsa Celsius, viscosity e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e mene: 22, 32, 46, le 68.
(3) Mofuta oa HG o na le thepa ea ho thibela mafome le ho thibela oxidation. Ho feta moo, ho eketsoa sesebelisoa se ntlafatsang index ea viscosity, se nang le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa viscosity-temperature.
2. Tšebeliso ea Mohlala oa Oli ea Haeteroliki
(1) Oli ea haeteroliki ea HL e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tlotsa ka har'a mabokose a jereng le litsamaisong tsa potoloho ea khatello e tlase ea lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa mechini moo ho se nang litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa oli 'me mocheso o potolohileng o kaholimo ho likhato tse lefela tsa Celsius. Lihlahisoa tse joalo ka kakaretso li na le bokhoni bo botle ba ho ikamahanya le maemo, 'me mocheso o phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa ts'ebetso o ka fihla likhato tse 80 tsa Celsius.
(2) Oli ea hydraulic ea HM e sebelisoa haholo-holo litsamaisong tsa hydraulic tsa lipompo tsa vane tse boima, tse mahareng le tse phahameng, lipompo tsa plunger le lipompo tsa gear. Ho phaella moo, mofuta ona oa oli ea hydraulic o boetse o loketse lisebelisoa tsa boenjiniere tse mahareng le tse phahameng le litsamaiso tsa hydraulic tsa likoloi.
(3) Oli ea hydraulic ea HG e na le thepa e ntle ea ho thibela mafome, ho thibela oxidation, ho thibela ho tsofala, le ho thibela ho thella, kahoo e loketse haholo litsamaiso tsa ho tlotsa tse sebelisang li-hydraulic tsa lisebelisoa tsa mochini le li-rails tse tataisang.
Lithempereichara tse sebetsang tsa oli ea hydraulic tsa maemo a fapaneng a viscosity tlas'a litlhoko tse fapaneng ke tse latelang.
| Sentistokes tsa sehlopha sa viscosity (40℃) | Viscosity e hlokahalang qalong ke 860 centistokes | Viscosity e hlokahalang qalong ke disentimitara tse 110 | Viscosity e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e hlokahalang nakong ea ts'ebetso ke lisentimitara tse 54 | Viscosity e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e hlokahalang nakong ea ts'ebetso ke lisentimitara tse 13 |
| 32 | -12℃ | 6℃ | 27℃ | 62℃ |
| 46 | -6℃ | 12℃ | 34℃ | 71℃ |
| 68 | 0℃ | 19℃ | 42℃ | 81℃ |
Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea oli ea hydraulic 'marakeng, 'me ho boetse ho na le mefuta e mengata ea mechine ea hydraulic. Le hoja mesebetsi ea oli ea hydraulic e tšoana, ho ntse ho hlokahala ho khetha oli e fapaneng ea hydraulic bakeng sa mechine e fapaneng ea hydraulic. Ha ho khethoa oli ea hydraulic, basebetsi ba lokela ho utloisisa seo ho kopuoang hore ba se etse haholo-holo, ebe ba khetha oli e nepahetseng ea hydraulic bakeng sa mochini oa hydraulic.
Mokhoa oa ho Khetha Oli e Nepahetseng ea Hydraulic bakeng sa Hydraulic Press
Mekhoa e 'meli e atisa ho sebelisoa ha ho khethoa oli ea hydraulic. Oa pele ke ho khetha oli ea hydraulic ho latela mefuta ea oli le litlhaloso tse khothaletsoang ke lisampole kapa litaelo tsa moetsi oa khatiso ea hydraulic. Oa bobeli ke ho nahana ka botlalo ka khetho ea oli ea hydraulic ho latela maemo a itseng a mochini oa hydraulic, joalo ka khatello ea ho sebetsa, mocheso oa ho sebetsa, lebelo la motsamao, mofuta oa likarolo tsa hydraulic le lintlha tse ling.
Ha ho kgethwa, mesebetsi e meholo e lokelang ho etswa ke: ho fumana hore na oli ya hydraulic e na le bokae, ho kgetha mofuta o nepahetseng wa oli ya hydraulic, le ho fihlela ditlhoko tse ikgethang tsa sistimi ya hydraulic.
Hangata e khethoa ho latela lintlha tse latelang:
(1) Ho ya ka dikgetho tse fapaneng tsa mechini e sebetsang ka ho hatisa ka hydraulic
Mechini e nepahetseng le mechine e akaretsang li na le litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ho teteana. E le ho qoba ho fetoha ha likarolo tsa mochini ho bakoang ke ho phahama ha mocheso le ho ama ho nepahala ha ts'ebetso, mechini e nepahetseng e lokela ho sebelisa oli ea hydraulic e nang le ho teteana ho tlase.
(2) Khetha ho latela mofuta oa pompo ea haeteroliki
Pompo ea hydraulic ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea khatiso ea hydraulic. Ka har'a khatiso ea hydraulic, lebelo la eona la motsamao, khatello le ho phahama ha mocheso li phahame, 'me nako ea eona ea ho sebetsa e telele, kahoo litlhoko tsa viscosity li thata haholoanyane. Kahoo pompo ea hydraulic e lokela ho nahanoa ha ho khethoa viscosity.
(3) Khetha ho latela khatello e sebetsang ea khatiso ea hydraulic
Ha kgatello e le hodimo, oli e nang le viscosity e phahameng e lokela ho sebediswa ho qoba ho dutla ho feteletseng ha sistimi le bokgoni bo tlase. Ha kgatello ya ho sebetsa e le tlase, ho molemo ho sebedisa oli e nang le viscosity e tlase, e leng se ka fokotsang tahlehelo ya kgatello.
(4) Nahana ka mocheso oa tikoloho ea mosebetsi oa khatiso ea hydraulic
Ho teteana ha oli ea diminerale ho fetoha haholo ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea mocheso. E le ho netefatsa ho teteana ho loketseng haholoanyane mochesong o sebetsang, tšusumetso ea mocheso o potolohileng le eona e lokela ho nahanoa.
(5) Nahana ka lebelo la motsamao oa likarolo tse sebetsang tsa khatiso ea hydraulic
Ha lebelo la ho tsamaya ha dikarolo tse sebetsang tsamaisong ya haeteroliki le le hodimo haholo, sekgahla sa phallo ya oli le sona se tlase, tahlehelo ya haeteroliki e eketseha ka tshohanyetso, mme ho dutla ho fokotsehile hanyane, kahoo ho molemo ho sebedisa oli e nang le viscosity e tlase.
(6) Khetha mofuta o loketseng oa oli ea hydraulic
Ho khetha oli ea hydraulic ho tsoa ho bahlahisi ba tloaelehileng ho ka fokotsamochini oa khatiso oa hydraulicho hloleha le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba mochini oa khatiso.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-24-2023
