ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka Forging Anu a me ka Forging Wela

ʻO ka hana anu a me ka hana wela ʻelua mau kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi i maʻamau i ke kahua o ka hana metala. He ʻokoʻa ko lākou i ka plasticity o nā mea, nā kūlana mahana, ka microstructure, a me ka laulā o ka noi. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kūkākūkā mākou i nā kikoʻī o nā ʻano o kēia mau kaʻina hana ʻelua, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini hana anu a wela i ka hana maoli.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka hana anu a me ka hana wela

ʻO ke kāwili anu e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana kāwili i hana ʻia ma ka mahana o ka lumi, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka mahana o ka mea hana metala ma mua o ka mahana recrystallization. Ma muli o ka plasticity haʻahaʻa o nā mea ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa, pono pinepine ka kāwili anu i ka ikaika nui e hoʻokō i ka deformation plastic. No laila, kūpono ka kāwili anu no nā mea alloy me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka kāwili wela kahi hana kāwili i hana ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka mea hana metala ma mua o ka mahana recrystallization. I nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, he plasticity maikaʻi ka metala, no laila pono ka kāwili wela e hoʻopili i ka ikaika liʻiliʻi, kahi kūpono no nā ʻano mea metala like ʻole.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka mahana ma waena o ka hana anu a me ka hana wela he hopena koʻikoʻi ia i ke ʻano o ka mea. I ka wā o ka hana anu, ʻaʻole i maʻalahi ka hana hou ʻana o nā hua metala, no laila e mālama mau ʻia ke ʻano o nā hua mua ma hope o ka hana anu. I ke kaʻina hana hana wela, maʻalahi ka hana hou ʻana o nā hua metala i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, no laila e loaʻa pinepine ʻia kahi ʻano hua like a maikaʻi hoʻi ma hope o ka hana wela. No laila, hiki i ka hana wela ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī a me ka plasticity o nā mea.

Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa nā pae o ka hana ʻana i ke anu a me ka hana ʻana i ke wela i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka hana ʻana i ke anu e hana i nā ʻāpana hana metala me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka plasticity haʻahaʻa, e like me ke kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe. No ka mea, pono ka hana ʻana i ke anu i nā ikaika nui, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia e hana i nā ʻāpana hana liʻiliʻi a maʻalahi hoʻi ke ʻano. He kūpono ka hana ʻana i ke wela no ka hapa nui o nā mea metala. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā ʻāpana hana me nā ʻano paʻakikī a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī a me ka plasticity o nā mea. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana i nā lako ʻoihana nui e like me nā ʻāpana kaʻa, nā ʻāpana aerospace, a me nā mīkini ʻenekinia.

Mīkini hana anu a me ka mīkini hana wela

A mīkini hana anuHe lako kūikawā no ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe anu, ʻo kona hiʻohiʻona nui ka hiki ke hana i ka hoʻoheheʻe metala ma ka mahana o ka lumi. ʻO nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe anu maʻamau e komo pū me nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe anu hydraulic a me nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe anu mechanical. Hoʻokele ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe anu hydraulic i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe ma o ka ʻōnaehana hydraulic, nona ka ikaika hoʻoheheʻe nui a me ka maʻalahi a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana hana o nā nui like ʻole. Hoʻomaopopo ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe anu mechanical i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe ma o ka hoʻoili mechanical. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe anu hydraulic, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona ikaika hoʻoheheʻe, akā he mau pono kona i kekahi mau noi kikoʻī.
ʻO ka mīkini hana wela ka lako kūikawā no ke kaʻina hana hana wela a hiki ke hana i ka hana metala ma lalo o nā kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana pinepine ia i ka hoʻoili hydraulic a mechanical paha. A koho ʻia nā ʻano mīkini like ʻole e like me ka ikaika hana a me nā koi hana e pono ai. ʻO kamīkini hana welaHoʻomehana i ka hana metala ma luna o ka mahana recrystallization e hiki ai i ka plasticity maikaʻi a laila hoʻopili i ka ikaika kūpono e hoʻopau i ke kaʻina hana forging.

I ka hana maoli, he kuleana koʻikoʻi nā mīkini hana anu a me nā mīkini hana wela. He kūpono ka mīkini hana anu no nā mea hao me nā koi plasticity haʻahaʻa a me nā koi ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana hana liʻiliʻi, e like me nā bolts, nati, a pēlā aku. He kūpono ka mīkini hana wela no nā mea metala me nā koi kiʻekiʻe ma ka plasticity mea a pono e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī a me ka plasticity. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā ʻāpana hana nui a paʻakikī, e like me nā crankshafts kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana aero-engine.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻelua mau hana maʻamau ka hana ʻana i ka hao metala no ka hana ʻana i ka hao anu a me ka hana ʻana i ka hao wela. A he ʻokoʻa ko lākou i ka mahana, ka plasticity o nā mea, ka microstructure, a me ka laulā o ka noi. He kūpono ka hana ʻana i ka hao anu no nā mea metala me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka plasticity haʻahaʻa, ʻoiai he kūpono ka hana ʻana i ka hao wela no nā ʻano metala like ʻole, ʻoiai nā mea e pono ai ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī a me ka plasticity. He mau lako kūikawā nā mīkini hana ʻana i ka hao anu a me nā mīkini hana ʻana i ka hao wela no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia mau hana ʻelua. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko lākou ma ke kahua o ka hana ʻana i ka hao, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻāpana metala kiʻekiʻe no nā ʻoihana like ʻole.

He kanaka kaulana ʻo Zhengximea hana o nā mīkini paʻi ma Kina, e hāʻawi ana i nā mīkini hana anu kiʻekiʻe a me nā mīkini hana wela. Inā he mau pono kāu, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona koke mai iā mākou. E hāʻawi kā mākou poʻe loea iā ʻoe i nā hoʻonā kaomi hydraulic kūpono.