Kapangidwe ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mapepala Opangira Mapepala

Chopangira mapepala chimatanthauza unsaturated polyester resin ngati thupi lalikulu, kuwonjezera chopangira kuchiritsa, chopangira kumasula nkhungu, chodzaza, chothandizira kucheperachepera, chokhuthala, ndi zina zotero. Chopangira mapepala chimaphimbidwa ndi filimu ya polyethylene (PE). Pepalali limafotokoza mwachidule kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka SMC.

Kapangidwe ka Mapepala Opangira Mapepala

SMC imapangidwa ndi unsaturated polyester resin, crosslinking agent, initiator, filler, thickener, release agent, glass fiber, ndi polymerization inhibitor. Pakati pawo, magulu anayi oyamba makamaka amapereka chimango cha zinthu ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu. Magulu anayi omaliza makamaka ndi a makhalidwe a kukhuthala kowonjezereka, kukana dzimbiri, kutchinjiriza, ndi kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka chinthucho.

1. Unsaturated polyester resin ndi crosslinking agents ndi thupi lalikulu la SMC. Unsaturated polyester resin nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi polycondensed kuchokera ku unsaturated dicarboxylic acids (kapena anhydrides), saturated dicarboxylic acids (kapena anhydrides), ndi polyols. Ili ndi mphamvu ndi mphamvu zinazake zamakaniko, ndipo mphamvu yamkati imakhala yofanana. Crosslinking agent makamaka ndi styrene. Pambuyo poti ziwirizi zalumikizidwa, ndiye zinthu zazikulu zopangira plasticity ya chinthucho, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yolumikizira, kuthandizira, kugawa bwino, komanso kuteteza.

2. Choyambitsa chimapangitsa kuti utomoni ndi crosslinker ziume bwino mu gawo la resin paste. Ntchito yake makamaka ndikupanga utomoni ndi ma double bond mu cross-linking monomer monga styrene copolymerize kuti SMC ikhale yolimba ndikupangidwa mu nkhungu.

3. Chodzaza chimakhala ndi gawo loposa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chopangira mapepala ndipo chimatha kusintha kukhuthala kwa chopangira mapepala. Nthawi zambiri chimayenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe monga mphamvu yokoka yochepa, mafuta ochepa, ma pores ochepa, kukana dzimbiri, komanso mtengo wotsika. Zigawo zodzaza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi CaCO3, Al(OH)3, ndi zina zotero.

4. Zothina zimapatsa SMC mphamvu yolimba kwambiri komanso yosamata. Kukonzekera kwa mapepala ndi zinthu zomangira zambiri kumafuna kukhuthala kochepa kwa utomoni kuti utomoni wa galasi ndi wodzaza ukhale wosavuta kulowetsedwa ndi utomoni. Ndipo kukanikiza kumafunika kukhuthala kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera chokhuthala musanagwiritse ntchito njira yopangira utomoni kuti musinthe kukhuthala kochepa kwa kukhuthala kwa utomoni wa galasi kukhala kukhuthala kwakukulu komwe sikumamatira.

5. Chotulutsa chimaletsa chopangira mapepala kuti chisagwirizane ndi pamwamba pa nkhungu yachitsulo. Chotulutsa chimatha kuletsa utomoni wa polyester wosakhuta kuti usagwirizane ndi pamwamba pa nkhungu yachitsulo panthawi ya pulasitiki yosakaniza utomoni. Makamaka mafuta acids kapena mchere wautali womwe umaimiridwa ndi zinc stearate. Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kumachepetsa mosavuta magwiridwe antchito a chinthucho. Kugwiritsa ntchito konsekonse kumawerengera 1-3% ya chinthu chonsecho kuti chitsimikizire mtundu wa chinthucho.

6. Ulusi wagalasi ukhoza kuwonjezera kukana dzimbiri ndi mphamvu zotetezera kutentha kwa SMC. Chopangira mapepala nthawi zambiri chimasankha mphasa zagalasi zodulidwa ngati zinthu zolimbikitsira. Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kungapangitse kuti chinthucho chikhale chofewa kwambiri, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo wochepa kwambiri sikudzapangitsa kuti chinthucho chikhale cholimba kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito konsekonse ndi pafupifupi 20%. Mwanjira imeneyi, chinthucho chingakwaniritse nthawi imodzi njira ziwiri zopangira extrusion ndi compression molding.

7. Choletsa chimawonjezera kukhazikika kwa SMC ndikuwonjezera nthawi yosungira. Popeza styrene yoyambitsa imawola pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utomoni upangidwe, kuwonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwa free radical scavenger (polymerization inhibitor) kumatha kuchepetsa liwiro la kuwonongeka kwa styrene ndikuwonjezera nthawi yosungira. Zoletsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala benzoquinones ndi polyvalent phenolic compounds.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zinthu Zopangira Mapepala Opangira Mapepala

SMC ili ndi ubwino wa magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri amagetsi, kukana dzimbiri mwamphamvu, kapangidwe ka uinjiniya kopepuka, kosavuta komanso kosinthasintha, ndi zina zotero. Kapangidwe kake ka makina ndi kofanana ndi zinthu zina zachitsulo. Chifukwa chake, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo asanu ndi atatu monga makampani opanga magalimoto, magalimoto a sitima, zomangamanga, zida zamagetsi, ndi zolumikizirana (Table 1).

Pakati pawo, kumayambiriro, idagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati matabwa otetezera kutentha m'magawo a zomangamanga, zida zamagetsi, ndi kulumikizana, ndipo ukadaulowu ndi wakale kwambiri. Kenako idagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga magalimoto kuti isinthe gawo la zida zachitsulo ndi aluminiyamu za thupi kuti ichepetse kulemera kwa galimoto.

Pansi pa mbiri ya momwe magetsi amasungidwira komanso kuchepetsa mpweya woipa komanso kupanga magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, ukadaulo wa magalimoto ukupitilira kukula kukhala wopepuka komanso wapamwamba. Mpaka pano, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za SMC kumatha kuwoneka kulikonse m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zimawonekera mu kulumikizana kwa opanda zingwe, malo otchingira magetsi osaphulika, zipangizo zotetezera nthaka, zimbudzi, ndi malo ogwirira ntchito za sitima zapamtunda.

Gome 1 Ntchito zazikulu zisanu ndi zitatu ndi magawo ogawa zinthu za SMC

Chidule

Utomoni wa polyester wosakhuta, wothandizira wolumikizirana, woyambitsa, ndi wodzaza mu sheet molding compound amapereka chimango cha zinthuzo ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake. Chokhuthala, chotulutsa, ulusi wagalasi, ndi choletsa polymerization zimawonjezera kukhuthala, kukana dzimbiri, kutchinjiriza, komanso kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake. Zogulitsa zotere zagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo akuluakulu asanu ndi atatu kuphatikiza makampani opanga magalimoto ndi magalimoto a sitima. Pansi pa mbiri yapano yosungira mphamvu, kuteteza chilengedwe, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, makampani opanga magalimoto apereka zofunikira zapamwamba kwambiri pazinthu za SMC chifukwa cha zofunikira zawo zopepuka. Ichi ndi chomwe chimapangitsa kuti ukadaulo wa SMC ukhale wolimba kwambiri.

Gwiritsani ntchitomakina osindikizira a hydraulic compositekusindikiza zinthu zopangira mapepala. Zhengxi ndi katswirifakitale yosindikizira ya hydraulic ku China, popereka makina osindikizira abwino kwambiri. Lumikizanani nafe kuti mudziwe zambiri.