Imiterere n'Imikoreshereze y'Urusobe rw'Amabati

Urusobe rw'amabati ruvuga ko icyuma gikozwe muri polyester kitarimo ibintu byinshi nk'igice cy'ingenzi, hakiyongeraho ikintu gifasha mu kuvura, ikintu gifasha mu kugabanya ibishishwa, ikintu gifasha mu kuzura ibishishwa, ikintu gifasha mu kugabanya ibishishwa, ikintu gifasha mu kubyimbisha, n'ibindi. Urusobe rw'amabati rutwikiriwe na filime ya polyethylene (PE). Iyi nyandiko isobanura muri make imiterere n'ishyirwa mu byiciro rya SMC.

Imiterere y'urusobe rw'amabati

SMC igizwe na resin ya polyester idafite ubushyuhe, igikoresho gihuza, itangisha, kuzuza, gukurura, igikoresho cyo kurekura, fibre y'ikirahure, n'ikintu kibuza polymerization. Muri byo, ibyiciro bine bya mbere bitanga ahanini imiterere y'ibikoresho by'ibicuruzwa no kongera imbaraga. Ibyiciro bine bya nyuma ahanini ni imiterere y'ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe, kurwanya ingese, gukingira, no kudahungabana kw'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa.

1. Uduce twa polyester tudafite ifu n'ibice bihuza ni byo bigize SMC. Uduce twa polyester tudafite ifu tuba dukozwe muri aside dicarboxylic (cyangwa anhydride), aside dicarboxylic (cyangwa anhydride) zuzuye, na polyol. Ifite imiterere n'imbaraga bimwe na bimwe, kandi imbaraga z'imbere ziba zimwe. Uduce duhuza ahanini ni styrene. Nyuma yuko byombi bihujwe, ni byo bikoresho by'ingenzi byo gutuma plastike y'umusaruro ikira, bigira uruhare mu guhuza, gushyigikira, kuringaniza uburyo bwo kohereza no kurinda.

2. Iki gikoresho gituma resin na crosslinker bikira kandi bigahinduka mu cyiciro cyo gusya resin. Inshingano yacyo ahanini ni ugukora resin na double bond muri monomer ihuza crosslinking nka styrene copolymerize kugira ngo SMC ibashe gukomera no gushingwa mu mwobo w'ibumba.

3. Icupa ry'amazi rifata igice kirenga kimwe cya gatatu cy'icupa ry'amazi kandi rishobora guhindura ubukana bw'icupa ry'amazi. Muri rusange rigomba kugira imiterere y'uburemere buke, agaciro gato ko kwinjiza amavuta, imyenge mike, kudakira ingese, no kugabanuka kw'igiciro. Ibice bikunze gukoreshwa mu kuzuza ni CaCO3, Al (OH)3, n'ibindi.

4. Ibikoresho binini biha SMC ubushobozi bwo gukomera no kudafata. Gutegura ibinyabutabire byo gushushanya ku rupapuro n'ibice byinshi bisaba ubukana buke bwa resin kugira ngo resin yorohereze fibre y'ikirahure n'ibiyicukura. Kandi gucura bisaba ubukana bwinshi. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kongeramo ikintu kibyimbye mbere yo gucura kugira ngo fibre y'ikirahure ihindure ubukana buke bwa fibre y'ikirahure mo ubukana bwinshi budafata.

5. Umuti urekura ubuza imvange y'urupapuro kugira isano n'ubuso bw'imvange y'icyuma. Umuti urekura urashobora kubuza imvange ya polyester idasembuye gukorana n'ubuso bw'imvange y'icyuma mu gihe cyo gukora imvange ya resin. Ahanini aside irike cyangwa umunyu muremure ugaragazwa na zinc stearate. Gukoresha cyane bizagabanya imikorere y'umuti. Ikoreshwa rusange ringana na 1-3% by'umuti wose kugira ngo hamenyekane ubuziranenge bw'umuti.

6. Imigozi y'ikirahure ishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese no gukingira SMC. Ubusanzwe, imvange y'ibirahure ihitamo imitako y'ibirahure yaciwe nk'ibikoresho byo kuyikomeza. Iyo ikoreshejwe cyane, byoroshye gutuma ibicuruzwa biba byoroshye cyane, kandi iyo ikoreshejwe dose ntoya cyane ntabwo bizagira ingaruka zigaragara ku gicuruzwa. Ikoreshwa rusange ni hafi 20%. Muri ubu buryo, ibicuruzwa bishobora guhura icyarimwe n'uburyo bubiri bwo gukurura no gukurura.

7. Inhibitor yongera ubushobozi bwa SMC bwo kugumana ibintu neza kandi ikongera igihe cyo kubika. Kubera ko styrene itangira ibora buhoro buhoro, bigatuma resin ikora polymerization, kongeramo ingano ikwiye ya radicals free radical (polymerization inhibitor) bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko wo kubora kwa styrene no kongera igihe cyo kubika. Inhibitors akenshi ni benzoquinones na polyvalent phenolic compounds.

Gukoresha Ibikoresho Bivanze byo Gutunganya Amashuka

SMC ifite ibyiza byo gukora neza cyane mu by'amashanyarazi, kurwanya ingese cyane, imiterere yoroheje, yoroshye kandi yoroshye, nibindi. Imiterere yayo ya mekanike igereranywa n'ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe by'icyuma. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa cyane mu nzego umunani nko mu nganda z'imodoka, imodoka za gari ya moshi, ubwubatsi, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, n'itumanaho (Imbonerahamwe ya 1).

Muri byo, mu ntangiriro, byakoreshwaga cyane cyane mu buryo bw'imbaho ​​zirinda ubushyuhe mu bijyanye n'ubwubatsi, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, n'itumanaho, kandi ikoranabuhanga rirakuze. Hanyuma ryakoreshejwe mu nganda z'imodoka kugira ngo risimbuze igice cy'ibikoresho by'icyuma na aluminiyumu byo mu mubiri kugira ngo bigabanye uburemere bw'imodoka.

Dukurikije uburyo ubu ngubu bwo kuzigama no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ndetse no guteza imbere imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, ikoranabuhanga ry’ibicuruzwa by’imodoka rikomeje gutera imbere rigana ku bworoheje kandi bufite ireme. Kugeza ubu, ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bya SMC rigaragara ahantu hose mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Bigaragarira mu itumanaho ridafite insinga, amashanyarazi adaturika, ibikoresho bikingira ubutaka, ubwiherero, n’ibikoresho bya gari ya moshi yihuta cyane.

Imbonerahamwe ya 1. Ikoreshwa ry'ingenzi umunani n'ibice umunani by'ibikoresho bya SMC

Shyira mu ncamake

Uduce twa polyester tudafite ubushyuhe, igikoresho gihuza, igikoresho gitangira, n'icyuzuza mu gice cyo gushushanya impapuro bitanga imiterere y'ibikoresho by'umusaruro kandi byongera imbaraga z'imiterere. Ingufu, igikoresho cyo kurekura, fibre y'ikirahure, n'igikoresho kibuza polymerization byongera ubukana, kurwanya ingese, ubushyuhe, no kudahungabana kw'imiterere y'umusaruro. Ibi bicuruzwa nk'ibi byakoreshejwe mu nzego umunani z'ingenzi zirimo inganda z'imodoka n'imodoka za gari ya moshi. Muri iki gihe, inganda z'imodoka zashyizeho ibisabwa byinshi ku bikoresho bya SMC bitewe n'uko byoroshye kubikenera. Niyo mpamvu ikomeye ituma ikoranabuhanga rya SMC ritera imbere.

Koreshaimashini ikoresha hydraulic pressuregukora ibikoresho byo gushushanya impapuro. Zhengxi ni umunyamwugauruganda rw'imashini zicapa hifashishijwe hydraulic mu Bushinwa, dutanga imashini zigezweho. Twandikire kugira ngo ubone ibisobanuro birambuye.