Inhlanganisela yokubumba ishidi ibhekisela ku-resin ye-polyester engagcwalisiwe njengomzimba oyinhloko, inezela i-ejenti yokwelapha, i-ejenti yokukhulula isikhunta, i-filler, i-ejenti yokuncipha okuphansi, i-thickener, njll. Inhlanganisela yokubumba embozwe ngefilimu ye-polyethylene (PE). Leli phepha lichaza kafushane ukwakheka kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-SMC ngokwezigaba.
Ukwakheka kwe-Sheet Molding Compound
I-SMC yakhiwe yi-resin ye-polyester engagcwalisiwe, i-agent yokuxhumanisa, i-initiator, i-filler, i-thickener, i-agent yokukhulula, i-fiber yengilazi, kanye ne-polymerization inhibitor. Phakathi kwazo, izigaba ezine zokuqala zihlinzeka kakhulu ngohlaka lwezinto zemikhiqizo futhi zandisa amandla. Izigaba ezine zokugcina ikakhulukazi zezakhiwo zokwanda kwe-viscosity, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukufudumala, kanye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo somkhiqizo.
1. I-resin ye-polyester engagcwalisiwe kanye nama-agent okuxhumanisa yiwona mzimba oyinhloko we-SMC. Ama-resin e-polyester angagcwalisiwe avame ukuba yi-polycondensed avela kuma-dicarboxylic acid angagcwalisiwe (noma ama-anhydrides), ama-dicarboxylic acid agcwele (noma ama-anhydrides), kanye nama-polyol. Inezakhiwo ezithile zomshini kanye namandla, futhi amandla angaphakathi ayalingana. I-agent yokuxhumanisa ngokuyinhloko i-styrene. Ngemva kokuba kokubili kuxhumene, kuyizinto eziyinhloko zokuqina komkhiqizo, okudlala indima yokuxhuma, ukusekela, ibhalansi yokudlulisela, kanye nokuvikelwa.
2. Isiqalisi sibangela ukuthi i-resin kanye ne-crosslinker ziqine futhi zakheke esigabeni sokunamathiswa kwe-resin. Umsebenzi waso ngokuyinhloko ukwenza i-resin kanye ne-double bond ku-cross-linking monomer njenge-styrene copolymerize ukuze i-SMC iqine futhi yakheke emgodini wesikhunta.
3. Isigcwalisi sithatha ingxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yenhlanganisela yokubumba ishidi futhi singalungisa ubungako benhlanganisela yokubumba. Ngokuvamile kudingeka sibe nezici zokudonsa okuphansi, inani eliphansi lokumuncwa kwamafutha, ama-pores ambalwa, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Izingxenye zokugcwalisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-CaCO3, i-Al(OH)3, njalo njalo.
4. Ama-thickeners anika i-SMC i-viscosity ephezulu, enganamatheli. Ukulungiswa kwamakhemikhali okubumba ashidi kanye nobuningi kudinga i-viscosity ephansi ye-resin ukuze kube lula ukufaka i-fiber yengilazi kanye ne-filler yi-resin. Futhi ukubumba kokucindezela kudinga i-viscosity ephezulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-thickener ngaphambi kwenqubo yokubumba ukuze uguqule i-viscosity ephansi yokufaka i-fiber yengilazi ibe yi-viscosity ephezulu enganamatheli.
5. I-ejenti yokukhulula ivimbela i-compound yeshidi ukuthi ingabi nobudlelwano nobuso be-mold yensimbi. I-ejenti yokukhulula ingavimbela i-resin ye-polyester engagcwele ukuthi ihlangane nobuso be-mold yensimbi ngesikhathi senqubo yepulasitiki yengxube ye-resin. Ngokuyinhloko ama-fatty acid noma usawoti omude omelelwe yi-zinc stearate. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kuzonciphisa kalula ukusebenza komkhiqizo. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kubalelwa ku-1 ~ 3% womkhiqizo wonke ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
6. Imicu yengilazi ingathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela ze-SMC. Inhlanganisela yokubumba amashidi ivame ukukhetha omatilasi beglasi abaqoshiwe njengezinto zokuqinisa. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kuzokwenza umkhiqizo ube bushelelezi kakhulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa komthamo omncane kakhulu ngeke kube nomphumela ocacile wokuqinisa umkhiqizo. Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile cishe kungama-20%. Ngale ndlela, umkhiqizo ungahlangabezana ngasikhathi sinye nezinqubo ezimbili zokubumba i-extrusion kanye nokubumba i-compression.
7. I-inhibitor yandisa ukuzinza kwe-SMC futhi yandisa isikhathi sokugcina. Njengoba i-styrene yokuqala izobola kancane, okubangela i-polymerization ye-resin, ukwengeza inani elifanele le-free radical scavenger (i-polymerization inhibitor) kunganciphisa ijubane lokubola kwe-styrene futhi kwandise isikhathi sayo sokugcina. Ama-inhibitor ngokuvamile ama-benzoquinones nama-polyvalent phenolic compounds.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwemikhiqizo Ye-Sheet Molding Compound
I-SMC inezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kukagesi, ukumelana nokugqwala okunamandla, umklamo wobunjiniyela obulula, obulula futhi obuguquguqukayo, njll. Izakhiwo zayo zemishini ziyafana nezinye izinto zensimbi. Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyisishiyagalombili efana nemboni yezimoto, izimoto zesitimela, ukwakhiwa, izinto zikagesi, kanye nezokuxhumana (Ithebula 1).
Phakathi kwazo, esigabeni sokuqala, yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ngendlela yamabhodi okuvikela ugesi emikhakheni yokwakha, izinto zikagesi, kanye nezokuxhumana, futhi ubuchwepheshe sebukhulile. Yabe isisetshenziswa embonini yezimoto ukufaka esikhundleni sengxenye yezinto zensimbi ne-aluminium zomzimba ukuze kuncishiswe isisindo semoto.
Ngaphansi kwesizinda sokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, ubuchwepheshe bemikhiqizo yezimoto buyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka bube lula futhi busezingeni eliphezulu. Kuze kube manje, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-SMC kungabonakala yonke indawo empilweni yansuku zonke. Kubonakala ekuxhumaneni okungenantambo, ezivalweni zikagesi ezingaqhumi, ezintweni zokuvikela umhlaba, ezindlini zangasese, nasezindaweni zesitimela ezisheshayo.
Ithebula 1 Izicelo eziyisishiyagalombili ezinkulu kanye nezinkambu zokuhlukanisa izinto ze-SMC
| NO | Insimu | Ukuhlukaniswa |
| 1 | Imboni yezimoto | Izingxenye zokumiswa, amadeshibhodi; izingxenye zomzimba kanye nezingxenye; izingxenye ezingaphansi kwe-hood |
| 2 | Imoto yesitimela | Amafreyimu amafasitela; Izihlalo; Amaphaneli enqola kanye nophahla; Izingxenye zendlu yangasese |
| 3 | Umkhakha wokwakha | Ithangi lamanzi; Imikhiqizo yokugeza; Ithangi le-Septic; Ifomu lesakhiwo; Izingxenye zegumbi lokugcina impahla |
| 4 | Izinto zikagesi kanye nokuxhumana | Izindawo zokuvala zikagesi; izingxenye zikagesi kanye nezingxenye (amathuluzi okuvala) |
| 5 | Indlu yokugezela | Isinki; Imishini yokushawa; Indlu yokugezela iyonke; Izingxenye zenhlanzeko |
| 6 | Izinto ezisetshenziswa phansi | Isitezi esilwa nokushelela esilwa nokungaguquguquki |
| 7 | Isivalo sikagesi esingavimbeli ukuqhuma | Imikhiqizo yegobolondo yemishini kagesi engaqhumi |
| 8 | Ukuxhumana okungenantambo | I-antenna yokubonisa ye-FRP, njll. |
Fingqa
I-resin ye-polyester engagcwalisiwe, i-agent yokuxhumanisa, i-initiator, kanye ne-filler ekwakhiweni kokubumba kweshidi kunikeza uhlaka lwezinto zomkhiqizo futhi kwandisa amandla esakhiwo. I-thickener, i-agent yokukhulula, i-fiber yengilazi, kanye ne-polymerization inhibitor yengeza i-viscosity, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukufudumala, kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo kumkhiqizo. Imikhiqizo enjalo isetshenziswe emikhakheni eyisishiyagalombili emikhulu kufaka phakathi imboni yezimoto kanye nezimoto zesitimela. Ngaphansi kwesizinda samanje sokulondolozwa kwamandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, imboni yezimoto ibeke phambili izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zezinto ze-SMC ngenxa yezidingo zazo ezilula. Okuyiyona nto eyinhloko eqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-SMC.
Sebenzisaumshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic ohlanganisiweukucindezela imikhiqizo ye-compound molding sheet. UZhengxi unguchwephesheifektri yokucindezela i-hydraulic eShayina, enikeza imishini yokunyathelisa esezingeni eliphezulu. Xhumana nathi ukuze uthole imininingwane.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-17-2023
