Ukwakha nokufa kwamahhala nokufa: umehluko kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza

I-BlackSmithing yindlela yasendulo nebalulekile yensimbi eyayibekezelela emuva ku-2000 BC.Isebenza ngokushisa insimbi ingenalutho emazingeni okushisa athile bese usebenzisa ingcindezi yokuyibukisa esimeni esifunekayo.Kuyindlela evamile yokukhiqiza izingxenye ezinamandla kakhulu, ezihlala isikhathi eside.Enqubweni yokuqamba, kunezindlela ezimbili ezijwayelekile, okuyi-forging mahhala kanye ne-die forging.Lesi sihloko sizohlola umehluko, izinzuzo kanye nokubi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela ezimbili.

Free Forging

Ukuthethelela kwamahhala, okwaziwa nangokuthi isando samahhala esakha noma inqubo yamahhala yokwakha, kuyindlela yensimbi eyakha insimbi ngaphandle kwesikhunta.Enqubweni yokubumba yamahhala, indawo yokubumba engenalutho (imvamisa iyibhulokhi yensimbi noma induku) iyashiswa ifike ezingeni lokushisa lapho iba yipulasitiki ngokwanele bese ibunjwa ngendlela oyifunayo kusetshenziswa izinto ezifana nesando sokubumba noma umshini wokucindezela.Le nqubo ithembele kumakhono abasebenzi abasebenza, abadinga ukulawula ukwakheka nosayizi ngokubuka nangokukwazi kahle inqubo yokwakha.

Izinzuzo zokufoja mahhala:

1. Ukuvumelana nezimo: Ukwakha mahhala mahhala ukusebenza kwezimo ezahlukahlukene nosayizi ngoba asikho isidingo sokwenza isikhunta esiyinkimbinkimbi.
2. Ukulondolozwa Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo: Njengoba kungekho monda, azikho izinto ezingeziwe ezidingekayo ukwenza isikhunta, esinganciphisa imfucuza.
3. Ilungele ukukhiqizwa okuncane kwe-batch: Ukwakhiwa kwamahhala kulungele ukukhiqizwa okuncane kwe-batch ngoba ukukhiqizwa kwabantu abaningi akudingeki.

Okubi kokukhishwa kwamahhala:

1. Ukuthembela kumakhono abasebenzi: Izinga lokufoja mahhala lincike kumakhono nesipiliyoni sabasebenzi, ngakho izidingo zabasebenzi ziphezulu.
2. Isivinini sokukhiqiza esinensayo: Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-die forging, isivinini sokukhiqiza sokufoja mahhala sihamba kancane.
3. Ukulawulwa komumo nosayizi kunzima: Ngaphandle kosizo lwesikhunta, ukulawulwa komumo nosayizi ku-forging mahhala kunzima futhi kudinga ukucubungula okulandelayo.

Izicelo zamahhala zokukhokha:

Ukufoja mahhala kuvamile kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
1. Ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezingxenye zensimbi ezifana ne-forging, izingxenye zesando, nokulingisa.
2. Khiqiza amandla aphezulu kanye nezingxenye ezihlala ziphezulu eziphakeme ezifana ne-crankshafts, ukuxhuma izinduku, kanye ne-bearings.
3. Ukuphonsa izingxenye ezibalulekile zemishini esindayo nemishini yobunjiniyela.

I-Fa Forging

I-die forging yinqubo esebenzisa ama-dies ukuze kukhandwe insimbi.Kule nqubo, insimbi engenalutho ifakwa esikhunjeni esiklanywe ngokukhethekile bese sibunjwa sibe yisimo esifunwayo ngokucindezela.Isikhunta singaba yinye noma sibe izingxenye eziningi, kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi bengxenye.

Izinzuzo zokufa kwazo:

1. Ukunemba okuphezulu: I-Die forging inganikeza ukuma okunembe kakhulu nokulawula usayizi, kunciphise isidingo sokucutshungulwa okulandelayo.
2. Umphumela ophakeme
3. Ukuvumelana okuhle: I-Die forging ingaqinisekisa ukuvumelana kwengxenye ngayinye futhi kunciphise ukuhlukahluka.

Ukungalungi kwe-die forging:

1. Izindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza: Izindleko zokwenza isikhunta esiyinkimbinkimbi ziphakeme kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa okuncane kwe-batch, okungabizi kakhulu.
2. Akulungele ukwakheka okukhethekile: Ngezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma ezingezona ezejwayelekile, isikhunta esibizayo esingadinga ukwenziwa.
3. Akulungele Ukulwa Kwezinga Lokushisa eliphansi: Ukufa Kwathembela ngokuvamile kudinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi akufaneleki ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukubhekana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi.

Izicelo zokufa kwazo:

I-Die Forging isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni elandelayo:
1. Ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye zezimoto njengama-crankshafts enjini, ama-brake discs, namahabhu amasondo.
2. Ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezibalulekile zomkhakha we-aerospace, njengama-fuselage ezindiza, izingxenye zenjini, nezingxenye zokulawula indiza.
3. Khiqiza izingxenye zobunjiniyela ezinemba okuphezulu njengamabheringi, amagiya nama-rack.
Ngokuvamile, ukuqamba mahhala kanye ne-die forging ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nemikhawulo futhi ifanele izidingo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza.Ukukhetha indlela efanelekile yokwakha kuncike ekuxakekeni kwengxenye, umthamo wokukhiqiza, kanye nokunemba okudingekayo.Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, lezi zinto zivame ukudingeka ukuba zinqunywe inqubo efanelekile.Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nokwenza ngcono izinqubo ezokwakha kuzoqhubeka nokushayela izindawo zohlelo lokusebenza zombili izindlela.

UZhengxi ungumbungazi oveleleimboni yokunyathelisa e-China, ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi ephezulu mahhalaimishini yokunyathelisafuthi afe ukucindezela.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini wokunyathelisa we-hydraulic nawo ungenziwa ngokwezifiso futhi ukhiqizwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zamakhasimende.Uma unezidingo, sicela uxhumane nathi.