Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe, ngaphezu kwamapulasitiki aqiniswe ngengilazi i-fiber-reinforced, amapulasitiki aqiniswe nge-carbon fiber, ama-boron fiber-reinforced plastics, njll.I-polymer eqinisiwe ye-carbon fiberizinhlanganisela (CFRP) izinto ezingasindi futhi eziqinile ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo eminingi esiyisebenzisa ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke.Yigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izinto ezihlanganisiwe eziqiniswe nge-fiber ezisebenzisa imicu yekhabhoni njengengxenye eyinhloko yesakhiwo.
Uhlu Lokuqukethwe:
1. I-Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Structure
2. Indlela Yokubumba Yepulasitiki Eqinisiwe Ye-Carbon Fiber
3. Izakhiwo zeCarbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
4. Izinzuzo ze-CFRP
5. Ukungalungi kwe-CFRP
6. Ukusetshenziswa Kwepulasitiki Okuqiniswe I-Carbon Fiber
I-Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Structure
I-Carbon fiber reinforced plastic yinto eyakhiwe ngokuhlela izinto ze-carbon fiber zibheke ohlangothini oluthile futhi zisebenzisa izinto ze-polymer eziboshiwe.Ububanzi be-carbon fiber buncane kakhulu, cishe ama-microns angu-7, kodwa amandla ayo aphezulu kakhulu.
Iyunithi eyisisekelo eyisisekelo ye-carbon fiber reinforced composite material yi-carbon filament filament.Impahla eyisisekelo ye-carbon filament yi-prepolymer polyacrylonitrile (PAN), i-rayon, noma i-petroleum pitch.Ama-carbon filaments abe esenziwa abe yizindwangu ze-carbon fiber ngokusebenzisa izindlela zamakhemikhali kanye nemishini yezingxenye ze-carbon fiber.
I-polymer ebophayo ivamise ukuba yinhlaka ye-thermosetting njenge-epoxy.Amanye ama-thermosets noma ama-polymers we-thermoplastic ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa, njenge-polyvinyl acetate noma inayiloni.Ngokungeziwe kumafayili ekhabhoni, izinhlanganisela zingaqukatha i-aramid Q, i-polyethylene yesisindo semolekyuli ephezulu kakhulu, i-aluminium, noma imicu yengilazi.Izakhiwo zomkhiqizo wokugcina we-carbon fiber nazo zingathintwa uhlobo lwezithasiselo ezethulwa ku-matrix yokubopha.
Indlela Yokubumba Ye-Carbon Fiber Eqinisiwe Yepulasitiki
Imikhiqizo ye-carbon fiber ihluke kakhulu ngenxa yezinqubo ezahlukene.Kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza izinto zokwakha i-carbon fibre reinforced polymer.
1. Indlela Yokubeka Isandla
Ihlukaniswe ngendlela eyomile (isitolo esilungiselelwe ngaphambilini) kanye nendlela emanzi (indwangu ye-fiber ne-resin enamathiselwe ukusetshenziswa).Ukubekwa kwezandla nakho kusetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-prepregs ukuze asetshenziswe ezinqubweni zokubumba zesibili ezifana nokubunjwa kokucindezelwa.Le ndlela yilapho amashidi endwangu ye-carbon fiber enziwe nge-laminated esibunjeni ukuze enze umkhiqizo wokugcina.Amandla nokuqina kwezakhiwo zezinto eziwumphumela zenziwa kahle ngokukhetha ukuqondanisa nokuluka kwemicu yendwangu.Isikhunta sibe sesigcwaliswa nge-epoxy futhi selashwe ngokushisa noma umoya.Le ndlela yokukhiqiza ivamise ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye ezingenaso ingcindezi, njengamakhava enjini.
2. Indlela Yokwenza Ivacuum
Ku-prepreg laminated, kuyadingeka ukufaka ingcindezi ngenqubo ethile ukuze ukwenze usondelene nesikhunta futhi ukwelapha nokubunjwa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elithile nokucindezela.Indlela yesikhwama se-vacuum isebenzisa ipompo ye-vacuum ukukhipha ngaphakathi kwesikhwama sokwenza ukuze ukucindezela okungalungile phakathi kwesikhwama kanye nesikhunta kwakha ingcindezi ukuze izinto ezihlanganisiwe zisondele kusikhunta.
Ngokwesisekelo sendlela yesikhwama se-vacuum, indlela yokwenza isikhwama se-vacuum-autoclave yatholwa kamuva.Ama-autoclave ahlinzeka ngokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokwelapha ukushisa ingxenye (esikhundleni sokwelapha ngokwemvelo) kunezindlela ze-vacuum bag kuphela.Ingxenye enjalo inesakhiwo esihlangene, ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu, ingaqeda ngokuphumelelayo ama-bubbles emoyeni (ama-bubbles azothinta kakhulu amandla engxenye), futhi ikhwalithi yonke iphakeme.Eqinisweni, inqubo yokufaka i-vacuum bagging ifana naleyo yokunamathela kwefilimu yomakhalekhukhwini.Ukuqeda amabhamuza omoya kuwumsebenzi omkhulu.
3. Indlela Yokubumba Yokucindezela
Ukubunjwa kokucindezelakuyindlela yokubumba ehambisana nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi.Isikhunta ngokuvamile senziwe ngezingxenye ezingenhla nezingezansi, esizibiza ngokuthi isikhunta sowesilisa kanye nesikhunta sesifazane.Inqubo yokubumba iwukubeka umata owenziwe nge-prepregs esikhunjini se-metal counter, futhi ngaphansi kwesenzo sokushisa nokucindezela okuthile, i-mat iyashiswa futhi yenziwe ngepulasitiki emgodini wesikhunta, igeleza ngaphansi kwengcindezi, futhi igcwalise imbobo yesikhunta, bese-ke. Nokubumba nokwelapha ukuthola imikhiqizo.Kodwa-ke, le ndlela inezindleko zokuqala eziphakeme kunezidlule, njengoba isikhunta sidinga ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-CNC machining.
4. Ukubumba Ukugoqa
Ezingxenyeni ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma ezisesimweni somzimba we-revolution, i-winder ye-filament ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ingxenye ngokugoqa i-filament ku-mandrel noma umgogodla.Ngemuva kokuqeda ukupholisa okuphelele futhi ususe i-mandrel.Isibonelo, izingalo ezihlangene ze-tubular ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokumiswa zingenziwa ngokusebenzisa le ndlela.
5. Ukubunjwa Kwe-resin Dlulisa
Ukubunjwa kokudluliswa kwe-resin (RTM) kuyindlela ethandwa kakhulu yokubumba.Izinyathelo zayo eziyisisekelo yilezi:
1. Faka indwangu ye-carbon fiber embi elungisiwe esikhunjeni bese uvala isikhunta.
2. Jova inhlaka ye-thermosetting ewuketshezi kuyo, faka izinto eziqinisayo, futhi welaphe.
Izakhiwo zeCarbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
(1) Amandla aphezulu kanye nokunwebeka okuhle.
Amandla athile (okungukuthi, isilinganiso samandla aqinile kuya kokuminyana) e-carbon fiber siphindwe izikhathi eziyisi-6 kuneyensimbi futhi izikhathi eziyi-17 kune-aluminium.I-modulus ethize (okungukuthi, isilinganiso se-Young's modulus to density, okuwuphawu lokunwebeka kwento) ingaphezu kokuphindwe izikhathi ezi-3 kunensimbi noma i-aluminium.
Ngamandla athile aphezulu, ingathwala umthwalo omkhulu wokusebenza.Umfutho wayo omkhulu wokusebenza ungafinyelela ku-350 kg/cm2.Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyacindezelwa futhi iqinile kune-F-4 ehlanzekile kanye ne-braid yayo.
(2) Ukumelana nokukhathala okuhle nokumelana nokugqoka.
Ukumelana nokukhathala kwayo kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwe-epoxy resin futhi kuphakeme kunokwezinto zensimbi.Imicu ye-graphite iyazithambisa futhi ine-coefficient encane yokungqubuzana.Inani lokugqoka lincane izikhathi ezingu-5-10 kunemikhiqizo ye-asbestos evamile noma ama-braids e-F-4.
(3) Good conductivity ezishisayo kanye nokushisa ukumelana.
Amapulasitiki aqiniswe nge-carbon fiber ane-conductivity eshisayo eshisayo, futhi ukushisa okukhiqizwa ukungqubuzana kuhlakazeka kalula.Ingaphakathi akulula ukushisisa nokugcina ukushisa futhi lingasetshenziswa njengento eguquguqukayo yokuvala.Emoyeni, ingasebenza ngokuzinza ebangeni lokushisa elingu-120–350°C.Ngokuncipha kokuqukethwe kwensimbi ye-alkali ku-carbon fiber, izinga lokushisa lesevisi lingase likhuphuke nakakhulu.Egesini engasebenzi, izinga lokushisa layo eliguquguqukayo lingafinyelela cishe ku-2000 ° C, futhi lingakwazi ukumelana nezinguquko ezibukhali emakhazeni nasekushiseni.
(4) Ukumelana nokudlidliza okuhle.
Akulula ukuncenceza noma ukuphaphazela, futhi kuphinde kube yinto enhle kakhulu yokunciphisa ukudlidliza nokunciphisa umsindo.
Izinzuzo ze-CFRP
1. Isisindo Esilula
Amapulasitiki enziwe ngengilazi aqinisiwe asebenzisa imicu yengilazi eqhubekayo kanye namafayibha engilazi angu-70% (isisindo sengilazi/isisindo esiphelele) futhi ngokuvamile anesisindo esingamaphawundi angu-0.065 iyintshi eyi-cubic.Inhlanganisela ye-CFRP enesisindo esifanayo esingu-70% sefayibha ngokuvamile inobukhulu obungamaphawundi angu-0.055 iyintshi eyi-cubic.
2. Amandla Aphakeme
Nakuba ama-polymers aqiniswe nge-carbon fiber engasindi, izinhlanganisela ze-CFRP zinamandla aphakeme nokuqina okuphezulu ngeyunithi ngayinye yesisindo kunezinhlanganisela ze-fiber yengilazi.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zensimbi, le nzuzo ibonakala ngokucacile.
Ukungalungi kwe-CFRP
1. Izindleko Eziphakeme
Izindleko zokukhiqiza i-carbon fibre reinforced plastic zinkulu kakhulu.Izintengo ze-carbon fibre zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngezimo zemakethe zamanje (ukunikezwa nesidingo), uhlobo lwe-carbon fiber (i-aerospace vs. grade grade), kanye nosayizi wenqwaba yefayibha.Ngokwesisekelo sephawundi ngephawundi, i-virgin carbon fiber ingabiza izikhathi ezi-5 kuya kwezingu-25 kune-glass fiber.Lo mehluko mkhulu nakakhulu uma uqhathanisa insimbi neCFRP.
2. Conductivity
Lokhu kuyinzuzo kanye nobubi bezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-carbon fibre composite.Kuya ngesicelo.Imicu yekhabhoni iyakwazi ukuqhuba kahle kakhulu kanti imicu yengilazi iyavalela.Imikhiqizo eminingi isebenzisa i-fiberglass esikhundleni se-carbon fiber noma insimbi ngoba idinga ukufakwa okuqinile.Ekukhiqizeni izinsiza, imikhiqizo eminingi idinga ukusetshenziswa kwemicu yengilazi.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwepulasitiki Okuqiniswe Nge-Carbon Fiber
Iukusetshenziswa kwe-carbon fibre reinforced polymerzibanzi empilweni, kusukela ezingxenyeni zemishini kuya ezintweni zempi.
(1)njengokupakisha kokuvala
Izinto ze-PTFE eziqiniswe nge-Carbon fiber zingenziwa zibe izindandatho zokuvala ukubola, ukumelana nokuguga, kanye noma ukupakisha ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.Uma isetshenziselwa ukubekwa uphawu okungaguquki, impilo yesevisi yinde, iphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 kunaleyo yokupakishwa kwe-asbestos evamile ecwiliswe uwoyela.Ingakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kokuvala ngaphansi kwezinguquko zomthwalo kanye nokupholisa okusheshayo nokushisisa ngokushesha.Futhi njengoba impahla ingenazo izinto ezonakalisayo, akukho ukugqwala komgodi okuzokwenzeka ensimbi.
(2)njengezingxenye zokugaya
Isebenzisa izindawo zayo zokuzithambisa, ingasetshenziswa njengamabheringi, amagiya, namasongo episton ngezinjongo ezikhethekile.Okufana namabheringi agcotshiwe angenawo uwoyela wezinsimbi zezindiza neziqophamazwi, amagiya agcotshiwe angenawo uwoyela wezitimela zikadizili ezihambisa ugesi (ukugwema izingozi ezibangelwa ukuvuza kukawoyela), izindandatho zamaphiston agcotshiwe angenawo uwoyela kuma-compressor, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angakwazi futhi ingasetshenziswa njengama-bearings ashelelayo noma ama-seal ezimbonini zokudla nezamakhemisi ngokusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo izici zayo ezingenabo ubuthi.
(3) Njengezinto zesakhiwo se-aerospace, izindiza, kanye nemicibisholo.Yaqala ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izindiza ukuze kwehliswe isisindo sendiza futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwendiza.Ibuye isetshenziswe kumakhemikhali, uphethiloli, amandla kagesi, imishini, nezinye izimboni njengophawu olujikelezayo noma oluphindaphindayo oluguqukayo noma izinto ezihlukile ezimile.
UZhengxi ungumbungazi ovelelei-hydraulic press factory e-China, ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi ephezuluinhlanganisela ye-hydraulic pressukwakha imikhiqizo ye-CFRP.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-25-2023
