Imishini eyinhloko yokukhiqiza ukubumba umshini wokunyathelisa we-hydraulic. Indima yomshini wokunyathelisa we-hydraulic enqubweni yokucindezela ukufaka ingcindezi kupulasitiki ngesikhunta, ukuvula isikhunta bese ukhipha umkhiqizo.
Ukubumba ngokucindezela kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukubumba amapulasitiki e-thermosetting. Kuma-thermoplastic, ngenxa yesidingo sokulungisa isikhala esingenalutho kusengaphambili, sidinga ukufudunyezwa nokupholiswa ngokushintshana, ngakho-ke umjikelezo wokukhiqiza mude, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphansi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo enezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi nosayizi oqondile kakhulu ayikwazi ukucindezelwa. Ngakho-ke ukuthambekela okuvamile ekubumbeni ngomjovo okungabizi kakhulu.
Iumshini wokubumba wokucindezela(cindezela ngokufingqiwe) esetshenziselwa ukubumba umshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic. Umthamo wawo wokucindezela uvezwa ngamathani ajwayelekile, ngokuvamile, kunezingcindezi zochungechunge ezingama-40t ﹑ 630t ﹑ 100t ﹑ 160t ﹑ 200t ﹑ 250t ﹑ 400t ﹑ 500t. Kunezingcindezi ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 zamathani amaningi. Okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kwezincazelo zokucindezela kufaka phakathi i-tonnage yokusebenza, i-tonnage yokukhipha, usayizi we-platen wokulungisa idayisi, kanye nokushaya kwe-piston yokusebenza kanye ne-piston yokukhipha, njll. Ngokuvamile, amathempulethi aphezulu naphansi omshini wokucindezela afakwe amadivayisi okushisa nokupholisa. Izingxenye ezincane zingasebenzisa umshini wokucindezela obandayo (akukho ukushisa, amanzi okupholisa kuphela) ukuze zibunjwe futhi zipholiswe. Sebenzisa umshini wokucindezela oshisayo kuphela ukuze kufakwe ipulasitiki yokushisa, engonga amandla.
Ngokwezinga lokuzenzakalela, imishini yokucindezela ingahlukaniswa ibe imishini yokucindezela ngesandla, imishini yokucindezela ezenzakalelayo, kanye nemishini yokucindezela ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele. Ngokwenani lezingqimba zepuleti eliyisicaba, ingahlukaniswa ibe imishini yokucindezela enezingqimba ezimbili kanye nemishini yokucindezela enezingqimba eziningi.
Umshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic uwumshini wokucindezela osebenza ngokudluliselwa kwe-hydraulic. Uma ucindezela, ipulasitiki ifakwa kuqala ku-mold evulekile. Bese ufaka uwoyela wokucindezela kusilinda esisebenzayo. Kuqondiswa yikholomu, i-piston kanye nogongolo oluhambayo kuya phansi (noma phezulu) ukuze kuvalwe i-mold. Ekugcineni, amandla akhiqizwa yi-hydraulic press adluliselwa ku-mold futhi asebenze kupulasitiki.
Ipulasitiki engaphakathi kwesikhunta iyancibilika futhi ithambe ngaphansi kwesenzo sokushisa. Isikhunta sigcwele ingcindezi evela kumshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic bese kuba nokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ukuze kukhishwe umswakama kanye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ezikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusabela kokujiya kwepulasitiki futhi kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukukhululeka kwengcindezi nokukhipha umoya. Ukukhulisa nokugcina ngokushesha. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-resin epulasitiki iyaqhubeka nokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kwakheka isimo esiqinile esingancibiliki nesingenakunyakaziswa, bese ukubumba kokuqina kuqedwa. Isikhunta sivulwa ngokushesha, bese umkhiqizo ukhishwa esikhunta. Ngemva kokuba isikhunta sihlanziwe, umjikelezo olandelayo wokukhiqiza ungaqhubeka.
Kungabonakala enkambisweni engenhla ukuthi izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, nesikhathi kuyizinto ezibalulekile zokubumba ngokucindezela. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umkhiqizo womshini kanye nokuphepha nokuthembeka kokusebenza, isivinini sokusebenza somshini naso siyisici esibalulekile esingenakunakwa. Ngakho-ke, umshini wokucindezela wepulasitiki osetshenziselwa ukucindezela kufanele ukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo ezilandelayo:
① Ukucindezela kufanele kube okwanele futhi okulungisekayo, futhi kuyadingeka futhi ukufinyelela nokugcina ingcindezi enqunyiwe esikhathini esithile.
② Ugongolo oluhambayo lomshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic lungayeka futhi lubuye nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho kushaywa khona. Lokhu kuyadingeka kakhulu lapho ufaka ama-mold, ucindezela kusengaphambili, ushaja i-batch, noma uhluleka.
③ Ugongolo oluhambayo lomshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic lungalawula isivinini futhi lusebenzise ingcindezi yokusebenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho kushaywa khona. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezimonyo ezinobude obuhlukene.
Ugongolo oluhambayo lomshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic kufanele lube nesivinini esisheshayo ekushayweni okungenalutho ngaphambi kokuba isikhunta sesilisa sithinte ipulasitiki, ukuze kufinyezwe umjikelezo wokucindezela, kuthuthukiswe umkhiqizo womshini futhi kugwenywe ukunciphisa noma ukuqina kokusebenza kokugeleza kwepulasitiki. Lapho isikhunta sesilisa sithinta ipulasitiki, isivinini sokuvala isikhunta kufanele sehliswe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isikhunta noma i-insert ingase yonakale noma impuphu ingagezwa kusuka kusikhunta sesifazane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukunciphisa isivinini nakho kungasusa umoya osesikhunta ngokugcwele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-07-2023
