ʻO ka uhi manhole mea hui pū ʻia he ʻano uhi manhole nānā, a ua wehewehe ʻia kona mau ʻano: ua hoʻohui ʻia ka uhi manhole nānā e kahi hana kūikawā e hoʻohana ana i ka polymer ma ke ʻano he mea matrix, e hoʻohui ana i nā mea hoʻoikaika, nā mea hoʻopihapiha, a pēlā aku.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka uhi manhole resin (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he uhi manhole plastic i hoʻoikaika ʻia me ke aniani polymer / uhi manhole material composite) he ʻano uhi manhole e hoʻohana ana i ka fiber aniani a me kāna huahana (lole aniani, lipine, felt, yarn, a pēlā aku) ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika a me ka resin synthetic ma ke ʻano he mea matrix. Loaʻa iā ia ka resin polyester unsaturated, nā mea hoʻopiha, nā mea hoʻomaka, nā mea mānoanoa, nā mea hoʻohui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā pigments a me nā mea hoʻoikaika, a laila he ʻano hou o ka huahana uhi lua i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana.
Ma waena o nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo nā mea i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka fiber (lole aniani, lipine, ʻili, olonā, a pēlā aku) nā mea nui, i hōʻailona ʻia e ka umekaumaha kikoʻī liʻiliʻi, ka ikaika kikoʻī nui a me ka modulus kikoʻī. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka mea i hui pū ʻia o ke kalapona fiber a me ka epoxy resin, ʻo kona ikaika kikoʻī a me ka modulus kikoʻī he mau manawa nui aʻe ma mua o ke kila a me ka alumini alloy, a he kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi loa hoʻi, anti-friction a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ke komo ʻana, self-lubricating, pale wela, pale luhi, kūʻē Creep, hoʻemi walaʻau, insulation uila a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka hui pū ʻana o ke kalapona graphite a me ka resin ke loaʻa i kahi mea me kahi coefficient hoʻonui kokoke i ka zero. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o nā mea i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka fiber ʻo ia ka anisotropy, no laila hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā fibers e like me nā koi ikaika o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka huahana. Hiki i nā hui matrix alumini i hoʻoikaika ʻia me nā kalapona fibers a me nā silicon carbide fibers ke mālama i ka ikaika a me ka modulus lawa ma 500 °C.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā uhi manhole composite i BMC a me SMC e like me ke koi o ka mākeke, nā kaʻina hana like ʻole a me nā mea hana:
ʻO nā mea BMC (DMC) he mau hui hoʻoheheʻe nui. Ua kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia he hui hoʻoheheʻe nui polyester unsaturated ma Kina. ʻO ka mea maka nui he prepreg e like me ka palaoa i kāwili piha ʻia e GF (ʻokiʻoki ʻia ke aniani fiber), UP (unsaturated resin), MD (filler) a me nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole. Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia nā mea DMC ma Kelemania Komohana mua a me United Kingdom i nā makahiki 1960, a laila hoʻomohala ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iapana i nā makahiki 1970 a me 1980. No ka mea, he maikaʻi loa nā waiwai uila o ka hui hoʻoheheʻe nui BMC, nā waiwai mechanical, ke kūpaʻa wela, ke kūpaʻa i ka palaho kemika, a hoʻololi i nā kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe like ʻole, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā koi hana o nā huahana like ʻole, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana kaʻa, ka halihali kaʻaahi, nā mea hana kūkulu, nā huahana mechanical a me nā huahana uila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
He mau hui hoʻoheheʻe pepa nā hui SMC. ʻO nā mea maka nui i haku ʻia me GF (wili kūikawā), UP (resin unsaturated), mea hoʻohui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, MD (mea hoʻopiha) a me nā mea kōkua like ʻole. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ma ʻEulopa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1960, a ma kahi o 1965, ua hoʻomohala mau ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iapana i kēia hana lima. I ka hopena o nā makahiki 1980, ua hoʻolauna koʻu ʻāina i nā laina hana SMC holomua a me nā kaʻina hana haole. Loaʻa i nā mea hui SMC a me kā lākou huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia SMC nā waiwai insulation uila maikaʻi loa, nā waiwai mechanical, ke kūpaʻa wela, a me ke kūpaʻa i ka corrosion kemika. No laila, he mea maʻamau ka laulā o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā huahana SMC. ʻO ke ʻano hoʻomohala o kēia manawa, ʻo ia ke pani i nā mea BMC me nā hui SMC.
I kēia manawa, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ka hoʻopili ʻana o kā mākou uhi manhole resin i ko mākou ola, a kū i waho nā uhi manhole resin ma muli o kā lākou hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ponoʻī.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā uhi manhole resin ma ke alanui he mau ʻano like me ka insulation, ʻaʻohe walaʻau, ʻaʻohe waiwai hana hou a me ka anti-theft kūlohelohe. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia no nā uhi manhole hao i hoʻolei ʻia.
Hana ʻia ka uhi manhole resin e kahi hana hoʻoheheʻe kūikawā, e hoʻolilo ana i ke kūlanakauhale i mea hou loa. ʻO ke ola lawelawe ma ke ʻano he 20-50 mau makahiki. ʻO ka uhi manhole resin composite i hana ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe wela kiʻekiʻe he mau pono o ke kaumaha māmā a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka luhi a me ka palekana hōʻino. Loaʻa iā ia nā pono o ka hoʻoheheʻe maʻalahi, ka walaʻau wili haʻahaʻa, ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka palaho kemika, ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka waikawa a me ka alkali a me ke ʻano nani, a ua hoʻemi hou ʻia nā mea haumia i loko o ka wai hoʻoneoneo.
I kēia manawa ma ka mākeke, ua hana ʻia nā uhi manhole i hana ʻia e nā mea hana uhi manhole composite like ʻole me nā mea like ʻole, akā ua like kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona:
1. Hana ikaika anti-theft: Hana ʻia nā uhi manhole composite me ka resin unsaturated, fiber aniani a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ma o kahi kaʻina hana kūikawā, a ʻaʻohe waiwai hana hou o nā huahana. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻoikaika ʻana.
2. Ola lawelawe: Ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka resin hana kiʻekiʻe, ka fiber aniani a me ke ʻano hana hana kūikawā, ua hōʻoia ʻia ke komo ʻana o ka uhi luawai composite i loko o ka fiber aniani, a ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻana ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, i ʻole e hōʻino ʻia ka mea ma lalo o ka hana o ka ukana cyclic. Hiki mai ka hōʻino kūloko, no laila e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ke ola lawelawe o ka huahana a me nā pono like o nā uhi manhole composite resin ʻē aʻe, e hoʻopau pono ana i ka hemahema o ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole.
3. Ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana/haʻahaʻa, hana insulation maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka pala: kūpaʻa ka huahana i ka pala, ʻaʻohe ʻawaʻawa a ʻino ʻole. ʻAʻohe mea hoʻohui metala. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi paʻakikī a loli, ʻino a koi. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia nā uhi manhole i hana ʻia e nā mea hana uhi manhole composite Bester e nā ʻoihana hoʻāʻo aupuni pili, a he kūpaʻa maopopo i ka waikawa a me ka alkali, ke kūpaʻa i ka pala, ka anti-aging a me nā ʻano hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hoʻokō ana i nā kūlana maikaʻi o ka huahana.
4. Nani a kūpono hoʻi, kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano: e like me nā pono o nā mea kūʻai aku kiʻekiʻe, hiki iā mākou ke hana i ka LOGO paʻakikī a me nā ʻano kala like ʻole ma ka ʻili o ka uhi manhole like i hoʻolālā pilikino ʻia, i mea e palupalu ai ke ʻano, ʻālohilohi a maopopo ke kala. Wahi a nā koi o nā mea kūʻai aku, hiki ke hana ʻia i nā ʻano pōhaku hoʻohālike like ʻole a me nā kala e like me nā alanui pōhaku like ʻole.
5. Ka mana hāpai ikaika: Hoʻohana ka lalo i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolālā kūikawā, a ʻo ka fiber hoʻoikaika mau i hoʻohana ʻia ua hana ʻia me nā mea e hōʻoia i ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o ka lole fiber a me ke aniani, i loaʻa i ka huahana kahi mana hāpai.
6. Palekana kaiapuni, ʻaʻole paheʻe, walaʻau haʻahaʻa: ʻaʻole e paheʻe ka uhi manhole ma hope o ka ʻōwili ʻana o ke kaʻa, a ʻaʻohe walaʻau pepeiao maikaʻi ʻole a me ka haumia.
I ke kau ʻana i kahi uhi manhole composite, e hahai i kēia mau ʻanuʻu ʻehā:
1. Ma mua o ke kau ʻana, pono e maʻemaʻe a paʻa ke kumu o ka uhi lua kanaka, a pono e hoʻoholo ʻia ke anawaena o loko, ka lōʻihi a me ka laulā e like me ka nui o ka uhi lua kanaka.
2. I ke kau ʻana i ka uhi manhole composite ma ke alanui sima, e hoʻolohe i ka mea e ninini ʻia ai ka masonry wellhead me ka sima, a pono e hoʻokumu ʻia kahi apo pale sima ma ka periphery no ka mālama ʻana no kahi o 10 mau lā.
3. I ke kau ʻana i nā uhi manhole composite ma ka pavement asphalt, pono e makaʻala i ka pale ʻana i ka mīkini hana e ʻōwili pololei ana i ka uhi manhole a me ka noho luawai e pale aku i ka hōʻino ʻia.
4. I mea e mālama ai i ka nani o ka uhi lua a me ke kākau lima a me ke ʻano maopopo, e makaʻala ʻaʻole e hoʻohaumia i ka uhi lua i ka wā e ninini ana i ka ʻasphalt a me ka sima ma luna o ke alanui.
ala hoʻomohala:
(1) ʻO kona ikaika ka lua wale nō ma mua o nā uhi lua pōhaku plastik. Hiki iā ia ke lawe ma mua o 40 tone o nā kaʻa.
(2) ʻO kāna hana piha ma waena o ka uhi manhole pōhaku-plastic a me ka uhi manhole sima, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka sima; hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā manawa me nā koi loea kiʻekiʻe no nā uhi manhole.
(3) ʻO kona pōmaikaʻi koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohana i ka hoʻoikaika kino kila, akā ua hoʻoikaika ʻia me ka hui fiber aniani, nona nā huahana ʻano GRC. No laila, loaʻa iā ia ka pōmaikaʻi o ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻia ke piʻi mau ke kumukūʻai o ke kila. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe ona hao liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana i ka ʻaihue ma mua o nā uhi manhole pōhaku plastik a me ka fiber concrete.
(4) ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o kona hoʻōla ʻana ma mua o ka sima fiber, a hiki ke wāwahi ʻia i loko o 8 mau hola. Inā hana ʻia i ʻekolu mau manawa, hiki ke wāwahi ʻia i ʻekolu manawa i loko o 24 mau hola. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mold ma mua o ka plastic pōhaku, he 1/6 wale nō ia o ka uhi manhole sima fiber. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka mold. Me ka hana makahiki o 10,000 mau set o nā uhi manhole, he 10 mau set wale nō o nā mold e pono ai.
(5) ʻO ka uhi lua lua hui ʻia he kūpono loa ia, ʻoi aku ka holomua, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻōmole ʻē aʻe (e like me nā ʻōmole laholio, nā ʻōmole palakiko, nā ʻōmole palakiko i hoʻoikaika ʻia me ke aniani).
(6) I ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana a me ka hoʻonui hou ʻana o ka uhi lua lua i hui pū ʻia, ua ʻoi aku nā ʻano hōʻailona like ʻole ma mua o ke kūlana ʻoihana o ke Kuhina Kūkulu, a ua hōʻea i ke kūlana maikaʻi o ka ʻoihana uhi lua lua o koʻu ʻāina.
ʻO Ms. Serafina +86 15102806197
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-23-2022
