Chifukidziro chemugodhi wezvinhu zvakasanganiswa rudzi rwechifukidziro chemugodhi wekuongorora, uye hunhu hwacho hunotsanangurwa: chifukidziro chemugodhi wekuongorora chinowedzerwa nemaitiro akati wandei uchishandisa polymer sematrix material, kuwedzera zvinhu zvinosimbisa, zvinozadza, nezvimwewo.
Kutaura zvazviri, chifukidziro chemugodhi weresin (chinonziwo chifukidziro chemugodhi wepurasitiki wepolymer girazi refiber reinforced plastic/composite material material manhole cover) imhando yechifukidziro chemugodhi chinoshandisa girazi fiber nezvigadzirwa zvaro (jira regirazi, tepi, felt, yarn, nezvimwewo) sezvinhu zvinosimbisa uye synthetic resin sematrix material. Chine unsaturated polyester resin, fillers, initiators, thickeners, low shrinkage additives, film mold agents, pigments uye reinforcement materials, nezvimwewo, uye zvakare imhando itsva yechigadzirwa chewell cover chinoumbwa pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Pakati pezvinhu zvakawedzerwa, zvinhu zvakasimbiswa nefaibha (jira regirazi, tepi, felt, shinda, nezvimwewo) ndizvo zvikuru, zvinoratidzwa negiravhiti diki, simba guru uye modulus chaiyo. Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nefaibha yekabhoni ne epoxy resin, simba rayo uye modulus chaiyo zvakakura kakati wandei kupfuura zvesimbi nearuminiyamu, uye inewo kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari, kudzivirira kukweshana uye kusakara, kuzvizora, kudzivirira kupisa, kuramba kuneta, kuramba kudonha, kuderedza ruzha, kudzivirira magetsi nezvimwe zvinhu. Musanganiswa wefaibha yegrafiti neresin unogona kuwana chinhu chine coefficient yekuwedzera inenge yakaenzana ne zero. Chimwe chinhu chezvinhu zvakasimbiswa nefaibha i anisotropy, saka kurongeka kwefaibha kunogona kugadzirwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nesimba zvezvikamu zvakasiyana zvechigadzirwa. Ma composites ealuminium matrix akasimbiswa nefaibha yekabhoni nefaibha yesilicon carbide achiri kugona kuchengetedza simba rakakwana uye modulus pa500 °C.
Zvivharo zvemakomba zvinogona kukamurwa kuita BMC neSMC zvichienderana nekudiwa kwemusika, maitiro akasiyana ekugadzira nezvinhu:
Zvinhu zveBMC (DMC) zvinhu zvinoumba zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvinowanzonzi unsaturated polyester bulk molding compound muChina. Chinhu chikuru chakagadzirwa i prepreg yakaita sedough iyo inosanganiswa zvizere neGF (chopped glass fiber), UP (unsaturated resin), MD (filler) nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvinhu zveDMC zvakatanga kushandiswa muWest Germany neUnited Kingdom kuma1960, uye zvakazogadzirwa muUnited States neJapan kuma1970 nema1980, zvichiteerana. Nekuti BMC bulk molding compound ine hunhu hwakanaka hwemagetsi, hunhu hwemakanika, hunodzivirira kupisa, hunodzivirira ngura yemakemikari, uye inochinjika kune akasiyana maitiro ekuumba, inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwezvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira mota, kutakurwa kwechitima, zvishandiso zvekuvaka, zvigadzirwa zvemakanika nemagetsi nedzimwe nzvimbo.
MaSMC composites ndiwo macomposites ekuumba sheet. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinoumbwa neGF (special yarn), UP (unsaturated resin), low shrinkage additive, MD (filler) nezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira. Yakatanga kuonekwa muEurope kuma1960, uye kuma1965, United States neJapan vakagadzira hunyanzvi uhwu zvakatevedzana. Mukupera kwema1980, nyika yangu yakaunza nzira dzekugadzira dzeSMC dzekunze uye maitiro ekugadzira. Zvinhu zveSMC composite uye zvigadzirwa zvavo zveSMC zvakagadzirwa zvine hunhu hwakanaka hwekudzivirira magetsi, hunhu hwemakanika, kugadzikana kwekupisa, uye kuramba ngura kwemakemikari. Saka, huwandu hwekushandisa hwezvigadzirwa zveSMC hwakajairika. Maitiro aripo pari zvino ndeekutsiva zvinhu zveBMC neSMC composites.
Zvino kushandiswa kwezvivharo zvedu zvemaburi eresin kunoita basa guru muhupenyu hwedu, uye zvivharo zvemaburi eresin zvinoonekwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwebasa razvo rekuzvichenesa.
Kushandiswa kwezvivharo zvemaburi eresin mumugwagwa kune hunhu hwekudzivirira kupisa, hapana ruzha, hapana kukosha kwekudzokorodza uye kudzivirira kuba kwechisikigo. Hazvitsiviwi nezvivharo zvemaburi esimbi yakakandwa.
Chifukidziro chemugodhi weresin chinogadzirwa nenzira yakasiyana yekuumba, iyo inoita kuti guta ritaridzike seritsva. Hupenyu hwebasa iri hunosvika makore 20-50. Chifukidziro chemugodhi weresin chakagadzirwa nekuumba tembiricha yepamusoro chine zvakanakira zvehuremu hushoma uye simba rakawanda, kuramba kuneta kwakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka kwekukuvara. Chine zvakanakira kuumba kuri nyore, ruzha rushoma rwekukuya, kuramba ngura kwemakemikari, kuramba acid nealkali zvakanaka uye chitarisiko chakanaka, uye kusvibiswa mumvura yakasviba kunowedzera kuderedzwa.
Iye zvino pamusika, mavharo emugodhi anogadzirwa nevagadziri vakasiyana-siyana vemavharo emugodhi anogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana, asi zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana:
1. Kushanda nesimba mukudzivirira kuba: Zvivharo zvemaburi zvinosanganiswa zvinowanzogadzirwa neresini isina kuguta, girazi fiber nezvimwe zvinhu kuburikidza nemaitiro akakosha ekugadzira, uye zvigadzirwa hazvina kukosha kwekudzokorodza. Kusimbisa hakusi nyore.
2. Hupenyu hwebasa: Kuburikidza nekushandisa resin inoshanda zvakanyanya, fiber yegirazi uye fomura yekugadzira yakakosha, kupinda kwechikamu chetsime chakabatanidzwa mufiber yegirazi kunovimbiswa, uye kubatana pakati pezviviri kunowedzerwa zvakanyanya, kuitira kuti zvinhu zvisakuvadzwe kana zvinhu zvichinge zvaita cyclic load. Kukuvara kwemukati kunoitika, nokudaro zvichiita kuti chigadzirwa chive nehupenyu hwebasa uye mabhenefiti akafanana emamwe maburi eresin akabatanidzwa, zvichibvisa zvinobudirira kuipa kwekunamatira kusina kunaka.
3. Kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya/kupisa kwakaderera, kushanda zvakanaka kwekudzivirira kupisa uye kudzivirira ngura kwakasimba: chigadzirwa ichi hachipindi ngura, hachina chepfu uye hachikuvadzi. Hachina zvinowedzerwa zvesimbi. Chinogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakaoma uye dzinochinjika, dzakaoma uye dzinoda simba. Zvivharo zvemaburi zvinogadzirwa nevagadziri vezvivharo zvemaburi zveBester zvakaedzwa nemasangano ekuongorora ane mvumo yenyika, uye zvine simba rekudzivirira acid nealkali, kudzivirira ngura, kudzivirira kukwegura nezvimwe zviratidzo zvakawanda zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvemhando yezvigadzirwa.
4. Yakanaka uye inoshanda, yepamusoro-soro: zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi vepamusoro-soro, tinogona kugadzira LOGO yakaoma uye mavara akasiyana-siyana pamusoro pechifukidziro chimwe chete chegomba remvura, kuitira kuti patani yacho ive yakapfava, ruvara rwakajeka uye rwakajeka. Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi, inogona kugadzirwa kuita matombo akasiyana-siyana uye mavara akafanana nematombo akasiyana-siyana.
5. Kugona kwakasimba kwekutakura: Pasi pacho panoshandisa dhizaini yakakosha, uye fiber inosimbisa inoshandiswa inogadzirwa nezvinhu zvinovimbisa kuti jira refiber negirazi fiber zvakabatanidzwa, kuitira kuti chigadzirwa chive nesimba rakati rekutakura.
6. Kudzivirirwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kusatsvedza, ruzha rwakaderera: chifukidziro chegomba remugodhi hachizotsvedzi mushure mekunge mota yatenderedzwa, uye hapazovi neruzha rwakaipa rwenzeve uye kusvibiswa kwemhepo.
Paunenge uchiisa chifukidziro chegomba remvura rakagadzirwa necomposite, tevera matanho mana aya:
1. Usati waisa, hwaro hwechifukidziro chegomba rinofanira kunge rakachena uye rakasimba, uye dhayamita yemukati, kureba nehupamhi zvinofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nehukuru hwechifukidziro chegomba.
2. Pakuisa chifukidziro chegomba remvura rakagadzirwa nesimbi mumugwagwa wesimende, cherechedza kuti dombo remvura rinofanira kudururwa nesimbi, uye rin'i yekudzivirira simende inofanira kuiswa pamucheto wemvura kuti igadziriswe kwemazuva angangoita gumi.
3. Pakuisa zvivharo zvemaburi zvinosanganiswa pamugwagwa weasphalt, chenjerera kudzivirira kuti michina yekuvaka isatenderedze chivharo chemaburi nechigaro chetsime zvakananga kudzivirira kukuvara.
4. Kuti chifukidziro chegomba remugodhi chirambe chakanaka uye manyorerwo akajeka uye patani yacho, chenjerera kuti usasvibise chifukidziro chegomba remugodhi paunenge uchidira asphalt nesimende pamusoro pemugwagwa.
nzira yekuvandudza:
(1) Simba rayo rinongopfuura remapurasitiki epurasitiki ane matombo. Inogona kutakura mota dzinopfuura matani makumi mana.
(2) Kushanda kwayo kwakazara kuri pakati pechifukidziro chegomba repurasitiki nedombo nechifukidziro chegomba rekongiri, icho chiri nani pane chekongiri; inogona kushandiswa mune dzimwe nguva dzine zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvemavharo egomba.
(3) Chinhu chayo chikuru ndechekuti haishandisi simbi inosimbisa mapfupa, asi inosimbiswa negirazi fiber composite, iyo iri yezvigadzirwa zvemhando yeGRC. Saka, ine mukana wekusakanganiswa kana mutengo wesimbi uchiramba uchikwira. Nekuti haina simbi shoma, inodzivirira kuba kupfuura manhole cover epurasitiki nefiber concrete.
(4) Kumhanya kwayo kunopisa kunokurumidza kanoverengeka kupfuura kwekongiri yefiber, uye inogona kubviswa mumaawa masere. Kana ikagadzirwa mumashifiti matatu, inogona kubviswa katatu mumaawa makumi maviri nemana. Kunyangwe huwandu hwemold hwakakura kupfuura hwepurasitiki yematombo, inongova 1/6 yekongiri yefiber concrete. Inogonawo kuderedza mari yekudyara mold. Nekubuda kwegore negore kwemaseti zviuru gumi ezvivharo zvemanhole, maseti gumi chete ezvivharo anodiwa.
(5) Chifukidziro chegomba remugodhi chakanyatsogadzirwa zvakanaka, chakakwirira, uye hachina kuenzana nezvimwe zviumbwa (zvakadai sezviumbwa zverabha, zviumbwa zvepurasitiki, zviumbwa zvepurasitiki zvakasimbiswa nefiber yegirazi).
(6) Mukuvandudzwa nekugadziriswa kwechikamu chegomba remvura chinosanganiswa, zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvapfuura mwero weindasitiri yeBazi reKuvaka, uye zvasvika padanho remhando yepamusoro reindasitiri yegomba remvura munyika yangu.
Ms. Serafina +86 15102806197
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-23-2022
