Zenziwa kanjani izembozo zembobo ezinamandla aphezulu?

Zenziwa kanjani izembozo zembobo ezinamandla aphezulu?

Isembozo somgodi womgodi ohlanganisiwe siwuhlobo lwesembozo somgodi wokuhlola, futhi izici zalo ziyachazwa: isembozo somgodi wokuhlola sihlanganiswa nenqubo ethile kusetshenziswa i-polymer njengempahla ye-matrix, ukwengeza izinto zokuqinisa, izigcwalisi, njll.
Eqinisweni, isembozo somgodi we-resin (esibizwa nangokuthi i-polymer glass fibre reinforced plastic manhole cover/composite material manhole cover) wuhlobo lwesembozo somgodi osisebenzisa i-glass fiber kanye nemikhiqizo yalo (indwangu yengilazi, itheyiphu, inzwa, intambo, njll.) njengokuqinisa izinto zokwakha kanye ne-synthetic resin njengento ye-matrix.Iqukethe inhlaka ye-polyester engagcwalisiwe, izigcwalisi, iziqalisi, izingqimba, izithasiselo ezinciphayo eziphansi, ama-ejenti esikhunta sefilimu, ama-pigments nezinto zokuqinisa, njll., bese kuba uhlobo olusha lomkhiqizo wekhava yomthombo obunjwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu.
Phakathi kwezinto ezingeziwe, izinto eziqinisiwe ze-fiber (indwangu yengilazi, i-tape, ukuzwa, intambo, njll.) yizona eziyinhloko, ezibonakala nge-gravity ethize encane, amandla amakhulu athile kanye ne-modulus ethize.Isibonelo, izinto eziyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibre kanye ne-epoxy resin, amandla ayo athile kanye ne-modulus ethize inkulu izikhathi eziningana kune-alloy yensimbi ne-aluminium, futhi inokuqina okuhle kakhulu kwamakhemikhali, i-anti-friction kanye nokumelana nokugqoka, ukuzigcoba, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokukhathala, ukumelana neCreep, ukuncishiswa komsindo, ukwahlukanisa ugesi nezinye izakhiwo.Inhlanganisela ye-graphite fibre kanye ne-resin ingathola into ene-coefficient yokunweba ecishe ilingane noziro.Esinye isici sezinto eziqinisiwe ze-fiber yi-anisotropy, ngakho-ke ukuhlelwa kwemicu kungaklanywa ngokuvumelana nezidingo zamandla zezingxenye ezahlukene zomkhiqizo.Izinhlanganisela ze-aluminiyamu ye-matrix eqiniswe ngamafayibha ekhabhoni namafayibha e-silicon carbide asengagcina amandla nemodulus eyanele ku-500 °C.
Izembozo zemigodi ehlanganisiwe zingahlukaniswa zibe yi-BMC ne-SMC ngokuya ngesidingo semakethe, izinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza nezinto zokwakha:
Izinto ze-BMC (DMC) ziyinhlanganisela yokubumba ngobuningi.Ivamise ukubizwa nge-unsaturated polyester bulk molding compound e-China.Impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko i-prepreg efana nenhlama exubene ngokugcwele ne-GF (i-glass fiber eqoshiwe), i-UP (i-resin unsaturated), i-MD (isigcwalisi) kanye nezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene.Izinto ze-DMC zaqala ukusetshenziswa endaweni yangaphambilini yaseNtshonalanga Jalimane kanye nase-United Kingdom ngeminyaka yawo-1960, zase zathuthukiswa e-United States nase-Japan ngeminyaka yawo-1970 kanye nawo-1980, ngokulandelana.Ngenxa yokuthi i-BMC yokubumba inqwaba inezindawo ezinhle zikagesi, izakhiwo zemishini, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, futhi ivumelana nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokubumba, ingahlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza zemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezimoto, ezokuthutha ujantshi, izesekeli zokwakha. , imikhiqizo yemishini nekagesi kanye neminye imikhakha.
Izinhlanganisela ze-SMC ziyinhlanganisela yokubumba amashidi.Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zenziwe nge-GF (intambo ekhethekile), i-UP (i-unsaturated resin), isithasiselo esinciphayo esiphansi, i-MD (isigcwalisi) kanye nezinsizi ezihlukahlukene.Yaqala ukuvela eYurophu ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1960, futhi cishe ngo-1965, i-United States ne-Japan zilandelana zathuthukisa lo msebenzi wezandla.Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980, izwe lami lethula imigqa yokukhiqiza ye-SMC ethuthukile yangaphandle kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza.Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-SMC kanye nemikhiqizo yazo ebunjiwe ye-SMC zinezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakwa kukagesi, izakhiwo zemishini, ukuzinza okushisayo, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali.Ngakho-ke, uhla lokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ye-SMC luvame kakhulu.Umkhuba wamanje wokuthuthuka uwukufaka esikhundleni sezinto ze-BMC ngezinhlanganisela ze-SMC.
Manje ukusetshenziswa kwesembozo sethu somgodi we-resin kudlala indima enkulu empilweni yethu, futhi izembozo zembobo ye-resin zivelele ngenxa yomsebenzi wazo wokuzihlanza.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezembozo zomgodi we-resin emgwaqeni kunezici zokugqumisa, akukho msindo, akukho xabiso lokugaywa kabusha kanye nokweba okungokwemvelo.Ayinakuthathelwa indawo izimbobo zomgodi wensimbi.
Isembozo somgodi we-resin senziwa inqubo yokubumba eyingqayizivele, eyenza idolobha libukeke lilisha.Impilo yesevisi ngokuyisisekelo iyiminyaka engama-20-50.Isembozo se-resin composite manhole esakhiwe ukubunjwa kokushisa okuphezulu sinezinzuzo zesisindo esilula namandla aphezulu, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokukhathala nokuphepha komonakalo.Inezinzuzo zokubumba okulula, umsindo ophansi wokugaya, ukumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali okuhle, ukumelana ne-asidi enhle ne-alkali nokubukeka okuhle, futhi ukungcola emanzini angcolile kuyancipha nakakhulu.
Manje emakethe, izembozo zembobo ezikhiqizwe abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene bezimbobo zomgodi zenziwe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene, kepha izici ezimbalwa ziyefana:
1. Ukusebenza okuqinile kokulwa nobugebengu: Izembozo zemigodi eyinhlanganisela ngokuvamile zenziwe ngeresin engagcwele, i-glass fiber nezinye izinto ngenqubo yokukhiqiza ekhethekile, futhi imikhiqizo ayinalo inani lokugaywa kabusha.Ukuqinisa akulula kangako.
2. Impilo yesevisi: Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-resin ephezulu yokusebenza, i-glass fiber kanye nefomula yenqubo yokukhiqiza ekhethekile, ukungena kwesembozo somthombo esiyinhlanganisela ku-fiber yengilazi kuqinisekiswa, futhi ukunamathela phakathi kokubili kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, ukuze impahla ngeke ilimale ngaphansi kwesenzo somthwalo we-cyclic.Ukulimala kwangaphakathi kwenzeka, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekisa impilo yesevisi yomkhiqizo kanye nezinzuzo ezifanayo zezinye izembozo zemigodi ehlanganisiwe ye-resin, kuqedwe ngempumelelo ukonakala kokunamathela okubi.
3. Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu/ukushisa okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle kokufakwa kwe-insulation kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile: umkhiqizo umelana nokugqwala, awunabuthi futhi awunabungozi.Azikho izithasiselo zensimbi.Ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi nezishintshayo, ezinokhahlo nezifunayo.Izembozo zembobo ezikhiqizwe abakhiqizi bekhava yomgodi oyinhlanganisela ye-Bester ziye zahlolwa izikhungo zokuhlola ezigunyaziwe zikazwelonke ezifanele, futhi zinokumelana okusobala kwe-asidi ne-alkali, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukulwa nokuguga nezinye izinkomba eziningi ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
4. Okuhle futhi okusebenzayo, okusezingeni eliphezulu: ngokwezidingo zamakhasimende aphezulu, singenza i-LOGO eyinkimbinkimbi nemibala ehlukahlukene ebusweni bekhava yomgodi ofanayo umklamo womuntu siqu, ukuze iphethini intekenteke, umbala. liyakhanya futhi licacile.Ngokwezidingo zamakhasimende, ingenziwa ibe ukubukeka kwamatshe okulingisa okuhlukahlukene nemibala efana nemigwaqo yamatshe ehlukahlukene.
5. Umthamo oqinile wokuthwala: Iphansi lithatha isakhiwo esikhethekile sokuklama, futhi i-fiber yokuqinisa eqhubekayo esetshenzisiwe yenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-fiber ne-glass fiber cloth ihlanganiswe, ukuze umkhiqizo ube namandla athile okuthwala.
6. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukungasheleli, umsindo ophansi: isembozo somgodi ngeke sishelele ngemva kokuba imoto igingqiwe, futhi ngeke kube khona umsindo ongemuhle ezindlebeni nokungcola.
Uma ufaka ikhava yomgodi oyinhlanganisela, landela lezi zinyathelo ezine:
1. Ngaphambi kokufakwa, isisekelo sesembozo somgodi kufanele sibe sihlanzekile futhi siqine, futhi ububanzi bangaphakathi, ubude nobubanzi kufanele bunqunywe ngokuhambisana nobukhulu besembozo somgodi.
2. Lapho ufaka ikhava yomgodi oyinhlanganisela emgwaqeni kasimende, qaphela ukwakhiwa kwamatshe omthombo kufanele kuthelwe ngokhonkolo, futhi indandatho yokuvikela ukhonkolo kufanele isungulwe emaphethelweni ukuze ilungiswe cishe izinsuku eziyi-10.
3. Lapho ufaka izembozo zemigodi eyinhlanganisela endaweni egandaywe yitiyela, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuze kugwenywe imishini yokwakha igingqa ngokuqondile isembozo somgodi kanye nesihlalo somthombo ukugwema umonakalo.
4. Ukuze ulondoloze ubuhle bekhava yomgodi kanye nokubhala okucacile kwesandla kanye nephethini, qaphela ukuthi ungangcolisi ikhava yomgodi lapho uthela i-asphalt nosimende phezu komgwaqo.
indlela yokuthuthukisa:
(1) Amandla aso angeyesibili ngemva kwalawo ezembozo zemigodi yepulasitiki yamatshe.Ingathwala amathani angaphezu kuka-40 ezimoto.
(2) Ukusebenza kwawo okuphelele kuphakathi kwesembozo somgodi womgodi wetshe nepulasitiki kanye nesembozo somgodi kakhonkolo, esingcono kunokhonkolo;ingasetshenziswa ezikhathini ezinezidingo eziphezulu zobuchwepheshe zezembozo zemigodi.
(3) Inzuzo yayo evelele ukuthi ayisebenzisi ukuqiniswa kwamathambo ensimbi, kodwa iqiniswa nge-glass fiber composite, eyingxenye yemikhiqizo yohlobo lwe-GRC.Ngakho-ke, kunenzuzo yokungathinteki lapho intengo yensimbi iqhubeka nokukhuphuka.Ngenxa yokuthi ayinayo insimbi encane, imelene nokweba kunezembozo zembobo yepulasitiki yamatshe nefibre.
(4) Ijubane layo lokuphulukisa lishesha izikhathi eziningana kunelikakhonkolo wefayibha, futhi lingadilizwa emahoreni angu-8.Uma ikhiqizwa ngamashifu amathathu, ingadilizwa kathathu emahoreni angama-24.Nakuba inani lesikhunta lingaphezu kwalelo lepulasitiki lamatshe, liyi-1/6 kuphela yesembozo somgodi kakhonkolo wefayibha.Kunganciphisa nokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhunta.Ngomkhiqizo wonyaka wamaqoqo angu-10,000 embobo yomgodi, kudingeka amasethi ayi-10 kuphela esikhunta.
(5) Isembozo sembobo esiyinhlanganisela silungile, sithuthuke kakhulu, futhi asinakuqhathaniswa nezinye isikhunta (njengesikhunta senjoloba, isikhunta sepulasitiki, isikhunta sepulasitiki esiqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi).
(6) Ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kanye nokuvuselelwa kwekhava yomgodi oyinhlanganisela, izinkomba ezihlukahlukene zeqe izinga lemboni loMnyango Wezokwakha, futhi ngokuyisisekelo zafinyelela izinga lekhwalithi yemboni yezwe lami yokumboza imigodi.

UNksz.Serafina +86 15102806197


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-23-2022