Isembozo se-manhole sezinto ezihlanganisiwe siwuhlobo lwesembozo se-manhole sokuhlola, futhi izici zaso ziyachazwa: isembozo se-manhole sokuhlola sihlanganiswa yinqubo ethile esebenzisa i-polymer njengezinto ze-matrix, enezela izinto zokuqinisa, izigcwalisi, njll.
Eqinisweni, isembozo se-resin manhole (esibizwa nangokuthi isembozo se-polymer glass fiber reinforced plastic material material/composite material material material material) uhlobo lwesimbozo se-manhole esisebenzisa i-glass fiber kanye nemikhiqizo yaso (indwangu yengilazi, i-tape, i-felt, i-yarn, njll.) njengezinto zokuqinisa kanye ne-synthetic resin njengezinto ze-matrix. Siqukethe i-polyester resin engagcwalisiwe, ama-filler, ama-initiators, ama-thickeners, izithasiselo ezinciphayo, ama-film mold agents, ama-pigment kanye nezinto zokuqinisa, njll., bese kuba uhlobo olusha lomkhiqizo wokumboza kahle obunjwa ekushiseni okuphezulu.
Phakathi kwezinto ezingeziwe, izinto eziqiniswe ngefayibha (indwangu yengilazi, iteyipu, i-felt, intambo, njll.) yizona eziyinhloko, ezibonakala ngamandla amancane adonsela phansi, amandla amakhulu athile kanye ne-modulus ethile. Isibonelo, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-carbon fiber kanye ne-epoxy resin, amandla ayo athile kanye ne-modulus ethile zinkulu ngokuphindwe kaningana kunezensimbi ne-aluminium alloy, futhi futhi inokuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana nokungqubuzana kanye nokuguguleka, ukuzigcoba, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokukhathala, ukumelana nokuqhekeka, ukunciphisa umsindo, ukufudumala kukagesi kanye nezinye izakhiwo. Inhlanganisela ye-graphite fiber kanye ne-resin ingathola izinto ezine-coefficient yokwandisa ecishe ilingane no-zero. Esinye isici sezinto eziqiniswe ngefayibha yi-anisotropy, ngakho-ke ukuhlelwa kwefayibha kungaklanywa ngokwezidingo zamandla ezingxenye ezahlukene zomkhiqizo. Izinhlanganisela ze-aluminium matrix eziqiniswe ngefayibha yekhabhoni kanye nefayibha ye-silicon carbide zisengagcina amandla anele kanye ne-modulus ku-500 °C.
Izimbozo zemigodi ehlanganisiwe zingahlukaniswa zibe yi-BMC kanye ne-SMC ngokuya ngesidingo semakethe, izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezahlukene kanye nezinto zokwakha:
Izinto ze-BMC (DMC) ziyizinhlanganisela zokubumba ngobuningi. Ngokuvamile zibizwa ngokuthi i-unsaturated polyester bulk molding compound eShayina. Izinto eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa ziyi-prepreg efana nenhlama exutshwe ngokuphelele yi-GF (i-fiber yengilazi eqoshiwe), i-UP (i-resin engagcwalisiwe), i-MD (i-filler) kanye nezinye izithasiselo. Izinto ze-DMC zaqala ukusetshenziswa eNtshonalanga Jalimane yangaphambili nase-United Kingdom ngawo-1960, zabe sezithuthukiswa e-United States naseJapan ngawo-1970 nango-1980, ngokulandelana. Ngenxa yokuthi i-BMC bulk molding compound inezakhiwo zikagesi ezinhle kakhulu, izakhiwo zemishini, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, futhi ivumelana nezinqubo ezahlukene zokubumba, ingahlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza zemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto, ezokuthutha ngezitimela, izesekeli zokwakha, imikhiqizo yemishini nekagesi kanye neminye imikhakha.
Izinhlanganisela ze-SMC ziyizinhlanganisela zokubumba amashidi. Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zakhiwe yi-GF (uboya obukhethekile), i-UP (i-resin engagcwalisiwe), isithasiselo sokuncibilika okuphansi, i-MD (isigcwalisi) kanye nezinye izinto ezisizayo. Kwaqala ukuvela eYurophu ekuqaleni kwawo-1960, kwathi cishe ngo-1965, i-United States ne-Japan zathuthukisa lo msebenzi ngokulandelana. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980, izwe lami laletha imigqa yokukhiqiza ye-SMC yangaphandle ethuthukisiwe kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-SMC kanye nemikhiqizo yazo ebunjiwe ye-SMC inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokushisa kagesi, izakhiwo zemishini, ukuzinza kokushisa, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ye-SMC buvame kakhulu. Umkhuba wamanje wokuthuthukiswa uwukufaka esikhundleni sezinto ze-BMC ngezinhlanganisela ze-SMC.
Manje ukusetshenziswa kwezimbozo zethu ze-resin manhole kudlala indima enkulu empilweni yethu, futhi izimbozo ze-resin manhole ziyagqama ngenxa yomsebenzi wazo wokuzihlanza.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimbozo zomgodi we-resin emgwaqweni kunezici zokuvikela ukushisa, ukungabi nomsindo, ukungabi namsebenzi wokuphinda usebenzise kanye nokuvikela ukwebiwa kwemvelo. Akunakufakwa esikhundleni sezimbozo zomgodi wensimbi ecijile.
Isembozo se-resin manhole senziwe ngenqubo yokubumba ehlukile, okwenza idolobha libukeke lisha sha. Impilo yesevisi ngokuyisisekelo iyiminyaka engama-20-50. Isembozo se-resin composite manhole esakhiwe yi-resin manhole yokushisa okuphezulu sinezinzuzo zesisindo esincane namandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokukhathala okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuphepha komonakalo. Sinezinzuzo zokubumba okulula, umsindo ophansi wokugaya, ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana okuhle kwe-asidi ne-alkali kanye nokubukeka okuhle, kanti ukungcola emanzini angcolile kuyancishiswa kakhulu.
Manje emakethe, izembozo zemigodi ezikhiqizwa abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene bezembozo zemigodi ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukene zenziwe ngezinto ezahlukene, kodwa izici eziningana ziyafana:
1. Ukusebenza okuqinile kokulwa nokwebiwa: Izimbozo zomgodi ezihlanganisiwe ngokuvamile zenziwe nge-resin engagcwalisiwe, i-fiber yengilazi nezinye izinto ngenqubo ekhethekile yokukhiqiza, futhi imikhiqizo ayinayo inani lokuphinda isetshenziswe. Ukuqinisa akulula kangako.
2. Impilo Yesevisi: Ngokusebenzisa i-resin esebenza kahle kakhulu, i-fiber yengilazi kanye nefomula yenqubo ekhethekile yokukhiqiza, ukungena kwesembozo somthombo ohlanganisiwe ku-fiber yengilazi kuyaqinisekiswa, futhi ukunamathelana phakathi kwalokhu okubili kukhuliswa kakhulu, ukuze izinto zingalimali ngaphansi kwesenzo somthwalo ojikelezayo. Umonakalo wangaphakathi uyenzeka, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswa impilo yesevisi yomkhiqizo kanye nezinzuzo ezifanayo zezinye izembozo zomgodi ezihlanganisiwe ze-resin, okususa ngempumelelo ubuthakathaka bokunamathela okungekuhle.
3. Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu/ukushisa okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla: umkhiqizo awumelani nokugqwala, awunabo ubuthi futhi awunangozi. Azikho izithasiselo zensimbi. Ungasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi neziguquguqukayo, ezinzima nezidinga umzamo. Izimbozo zemigodi ezikhiqizwe abakhiqizi bemigodi yemigodi ye-Bester ehlanganisiwe zihlolwe yizikhungo zokuhlola ezigunyaziwe zikazwelonke ezifanele, futhi zinokumelana okusobala kwe-asidi ne-alkali, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukulwa nokuguga kanye nezinye izinkomba eziningi ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
4. Kuhle futhi kuyasebenza, kusezingeni eliphezulu: ngokwezidingo zamakhasimende aphezulu, singenza i-LOGO eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nemibala ehlukahlukene ebusweni bekhava efanayo yomgodi womngxuma, ukuze iphethini ibe mnene, umbala ukhanye futhi ucace. Ngokwezidingo zamakhasimende, ingenziwa ibe yizinhlobo ezahlukene zamatshe okulingisa kanye nemibala efana nezindawo ezahlukene zamatshe.
5. Umthamo oqinile wokuthwala: Iphansi lisebenzisa isakhiwo esikhethekile sokuklama, futhi ifayibha yokuqinisa eqhubekayo esetshenziswayo yenziwe ngezinto ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indwangu yefayibha nengilazi zihlanganisiwe, ukuze umkhiqizo ube nomthamo othile wokuthwala.
6. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukungasheleli, umsindo ophansi: isembozo somgodi ngeke sishelele ngemva kokuba imoto igingqiwe, futhi ngeke kube khona umsindo wezindlebe ongemuhle kanye nokungcola.
Uma ufaka isembozo se-manhole esihlanganisiwe, landela lezi zinyathelo ezine:
1. Ngaphambi kokufakwa, isisekelo sesembozo sembobo kufanele sibe sicocekile futhi siqine, futhi ububanzi bangaphakathi, ubude nobubanzi kufanele kunqunywe ngokuya ngobukhulu besembozo sembobo.
2. Uma ufaka isembozo se-composite manhole emgwaqweni wesamente, qaphela ukuthi udonga lomthombo kufanele luthululwe ngokhonkolo, futhi kufanele kumiswe indandatho yokuvikela ukhonkolo eceleni ukuze ilungiswe cishe izinsuku eziyi-10.
3. Uma ufaka izembozo zomgodi ezihlanganisiwe endleleni ye-asphalt, kufanele uqaphele ukugwema imishini yokwakha ukugoqa ngqo isembozo somgodi kanye nesihlalo somthombo ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo.
4. Ukuze ugcine ubuhle besembozo sembobo kanye nombhalo ocacile kanye nephethini, qaphela ukuthi ungangcolisi isembozo sembobo lapho uthela i-asphalt kanye nosimende phezu komgwaqo.
indlela yokuthuthukiswa:
(1) Amandla ayo alandela kuphela awezembozo zemigodi yepulasitiki yamatshe. Ingathwala izimoto ezingaphezu kwamathani angu-40.
(2) Ukusebenza kwayo okuphelele kuphakathi kwesembozo sembobo yetshe-plastiki kanye nesembozo sembobo yembobo yekhonkrithi, okungcono kunesekhonkrithi; ingasetshenziswa ngezikhathi lapho kunezidingo zobuchwepheshe eziphezulu zezembozo zembobo yembobo.
(3) Inzuzo yayo evelele ukuthi ayisebenzisi ukuqinisa insimbi, kodwa iqiniswa nge-fiber composite yengilazi, engeyemikhiqizo yohlobo lwe-GRC. Ngakho-ke, inenzuzo yokungathinteki lapho intengo yensimbi iqhubeka nokwenyuka. Ngenxa yokuthi ayinayo insimbi encane, ilwa kakhulu nokwebiwa kunezembozo ze-manhole zepulasitiki zamatshe neze-fiber concrete.
(4) Ijubane layo lokuphola lishesha kaningana kunelekhonkrithi yefayibha, futhi ingasuswa emahoreni angu-8. Uma ikhiqizwa ngokushintshana kathathu, ingasuswa kathathu emahoreni angu-24. Nakuba inani lesikhunta lingaphezu kwelepulasitiki yamatshe, liyi-1/6 kuphela yesembozo sekhunta sefayibha. Kunganciphisa nokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhunta. Ngomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamasethi ayi-10,000 ezimbozo zekhunta, kudingeka amasethi ayi-10 kuphela esikhunta.
(5) Isembozo se-manhole esihlanganisiwe sifanelekile, sithuthuke kakhulu, futhi asinakuqhathaniswa nezinye izikhunta (njengezikhunta zerabha, izikhunta zepulasitiki, izikhunta zepulasitiki eziqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi).
(6) Ekuthuthukisweni nasekubuyekezweni okuqhubekayo kwesimbozo semigodi ehlanganisiwe, izinkomba ezahlukahlukene zidlule izinga lomkhakha wezoMnyango Wezokwakha, futhi ngokuyisisekelo zifinyelele izinga lekhwalithi lemboni yesimbozo semigodi yezwe lami.
Nks. Serafina +86 15102806197
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-23-2022
