Uburyo bwo gukora amasahani

Impera y'isahani ni igipfundikizo cy'umuyoboro w'igitutu kandi ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cy'umuyoboro w'igitutu. Ubwiza bw'umutwe bufitanye isano itaziguye n'imikorere y'igihe kirekire y'umuyoboro w'igitutu. Ni igice cy'ingenzi kandi cy'ingenzi mu bikoresho by'umuyoboro w'igitutu mu nganda zikora peteroli, ingufu za atome, ibiribwa, imiti, n'izindi nganda nyinshi.

Mu bijyanye n'imiterere, imitwe ishobora kugabanywamo imitwe irambuye, imitwe ifite ishusho nk'iy'isahani, imitwe ifite ishusho nk'iy'uruziga, n'imitwe ifite ishusho nk'iy'uruziga. Imitwe y'imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi n'amabati akenshi ni uruziga, naho imitwe ifite ishusho nk'iy'uruziga ikoreshwa cyane mu muvuduko uringaniye no hejuru. Imitwe mike gusa ifite umuvuduko muto ikoresha imitwe ifite ishusho nk'iy'uruziga.

1. Uburyo bwo gutunganya amasahani

(1) Guteraho imitako. Kugira ngo bihuze n'umusaruro mwinshi, gukanda imitwe ifite inkuta nini n'umurambararo muto bisaba amatsinda menshi y'imitako.
(2) Kuzunguruka. Ikwiriye imitwe minini cyane kandi yoroheje cyane. Cyane cyane mu nganda zikora imiti, ahanini ikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu binini kandi bito, ikwiriye cyane cyane kuzunguruka. Imitwe y'indorerwamo ikwiriye cyane kuzunguruka, mu gihe imitwe y'ibiryo idakunze gukoreshwa cyane kandi imitwe y'uruziga iragoye kuyikanda.

2. Ibikoresho n'ibikoresho byo gutunganya amasahani

(1) Ibikoresho byo gushyushya: amashyiga ya gazi. Amashyiga ashyushya akoresha umwuka akoreshwa mu gushyushya, kandi ashyushya amavuta cyangwa gazi akoreshwa uko bishoboka kose. Kubera ko arangwa no gutwika neza, gukora neza cyane, kugenzura ubushyuhe byoroshye, no kugorana gutwika cyane no gukuramo karubone. Amashyiga ashyushya agomba kuba afite igikoresho gipima ubushyuhe n'icyuma gifata ubushyuhe
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(2)Imashini yo gucapa amasahaniHari ubwoko bubiri: igikorwa kimwe n'igikorwa kibiri.

Igikorwa kimwe gusa bivuze silinda ifata ibirango gusa kandi nta silinda ifata ibirango irimo. Inganda nto n'iziciriritse ni zo zikoresha. Inganda nini zose zikoresha ibikorwa bibiri, ni ukuvuga ko hari silinda ifata ibirango n'isilinda ifata ibirango.

Uburyo bwo kohereza ubutumwa bw'imashini ikoresha amazi ni amazi. Birahendutse, bigenda vuba, ntibihindagurika, kandi ntibifite ibisabwa byo gufunga nk'imashini zikoresha amazi. Ubushobozi buri hasi ugereranyije n'uburyo imashini zikoresha amazi zikoresha.imashini isohora amazi, kandi ibisabwa ku buyobozi ntabwo ari akaze. Uburyo bwo kohereza imashini ikoresha amazi buhamye kandi bufite ibisabwa byinshi mu gufunga no kuyobora.

(3) Koresha ibikoresho, harimo ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibibumbano byo hejuru n'ibyo hasi n'ibishyigikizo bitanga umutwe, n'ibindi.

3. Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku rukuta runini rw'umutwe

Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku ihinduka ry'ubugari bw'umutwe, ibyo bikaba bishobora gusobanurwa muri make nk'ibi bikurikira:
(1) Imiterere y'ibikoresho. Urugero, ingano y'umutwe w'icyuma gifunga icyuma ni nini cyane kuruta uw'umutwe w'icyuma gifunga icyuma gifunga icyuma.
(2) Imiterere y'umutwe. Umutwe ufite ishusho ya disiki ufite umubare muto cyane w'udupira, umutwe w'uruziga ufite umubare munini w'udupira, naho umutwe w'inyuma ufite umubare uringaniye.
(3) Uko igice cyo hasi cy'urubuto rw'umuhondo kirushaho kuba kinini, niko ingano yarwo igabanuka.
(4) Uko icyuho kiri hagati y’aho hejuru n’aho hasi bipfa ni kinini, ni ko ingano y’ibinure iba nto.
(5) Uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta ni bwiza kandi ingano y'uburoso ni nto.
(6) Uko ubushyuhe bushyuha buri hejuru, niko ingano y'ubushyuhe iba nyinshi.

4. Kanda hanyuma ushyireho ifishiIherezo ry'ibiribwa

(1) Mbere yuko buri mutwe ukandagirwa, igipimo cya okiside kiri ku mutwe udafite ikintu kigomba gukurwaho. Amavuta agomba gushyirwa ku ibumba mbere yo kuyasiga.

(2) Mu gihe ukanda, umutwe udafite ikintu ugomba gushyirwa hamwe n'ibumba uko bishoboka kose. Hagati hagati y'ibumba n'ibumba ryo hasi hagomba kuba munsi ya mm 5. Mu gihe ukanda umutwe ufite umwobo, ugomba kwitabwaho mu gushyira umwobo ugororotse ku cyuho mu cyerekezo kimwe n'imirongo miremire n'imigufi y'ibumba. Mu gihe cyo gukanda, banza ushyire umwobo n'aho ufungura umwobo hanyuma uwusunike. Uwusunike ahantu hejuru gato ugereranije n'aho ukanda hepfo (hafi mm 20), hanyuma wongere ukanda ibumba ryo hejuru hasi. Ibumba ry'umwobo naryo rigwa icyarimwe kugira ngo ukandagire umutwe mu buryo bugaragara. Mu gihe cyo gukanda, imbaraga zo gukanda zigomba kongerwa buhoro buhoro kuva ku nto kugeza ku nini kandi ntizigomba kongerwa cyangwa kugabanuka mu buryo butunguranye.

(3) Umutwe ushyushye wo gukanda ushobora gukururwa gusa uva mu ibumba ugashyirwa hejuru iyo ukonje kugeza munsi ya 600°C. Ntuwushyire mu mwobo. Ntugashyire ibice birenga bibiri hejuru y'ibindi mbere yo gukonjesha kugeza ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Mu gihe cyo gukanda buri gihe, ubushyuhe bwa die buzamuka bukagera kuri 250°C kandi gukanda ntibigomba gukomeza. Akazi gashobora gukomeza gusa nyuma y'ingamba zo gukonjesha zifatwa kugira ngo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa die.

(4) Umutwe ufite imyobo ugomba gukorwa mu ntambwe imwe uko bishoboka kose. Iyo bidashoboka ko bibaho icyarimwe bitewe n'imipaka, hagomba kwitabwaho uburyo umutwe uhuzwa n'inkoni mu gihe cyo gukubita umwobo, kandi hagomba kwitabwaho kubungabunga ubugari bw'urukuta ku ruhande rw'umwobo.

5. Umutwe ushyushye wo gukandaImashini ya Hydraulic Press

Ni vuba kandi byoroshye gukoresha, ifite umusaruro mwinshi kandi ihendutse kandi irakenewe.
■ Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gukaranga umutwe ushyushye.
■ Imiterere y'imashini ikoresha imiterere y'inkingi enye.
■ Akamashini gafata karimo adaptateri igenda mu buryo bwa radially.
■ Uburyo cy'icyuma gifata ibintu kidakora bushobora guhindurwa.
■ Imbaraga zo gufata ikintu nta kintu na kimwe hamwe n'imbaraga zo kugikoresha bishobora guhindurwa mu buryo bwikora.
■ Ishobora gukora igikorwa kimwe n'igikorwa kibiri uko bikurikirana.

6. Imashini Ikora Umutwe wa Hydraulic Press

■ Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gukaranga umutwe ukonje.
■ Imiterere y'imashini ikoresha imiterere y'inkingi enye.
■ Imashini yo kudoda ifite icyuma cyo hejuru, icyuma cyo hasi, uburyo bwo guhuza icyuma, n'igikoresho cyo guhindura vuba.
■ Imbaraga zo gufata ikintu nta kintu na kimwe hamwe n'imbaraga zo kugikoresha bishobora guhindurwa mu buryo bwikora.