Inqubo Yokukhiqiza Izitsha Zokuphela

Isiphetho sesitsha siyisimbozo sokugcina esitsheni sokucindezela futhi siyingxenye eyinhloko ephethe ingcindezi yesitsha sokucindezela. Ikhwalithi yekhanda ihlobene ngqo nokusebenza okuphephile nokwethembekile kwesikhathi eside kwesitsha sokucindezela. Siyingxenye ebalulekile futhi ebalulekile emishinini yezitsha zokucindezela kumakhemikhali kaphethroli, amandla e-athomu, ukudla, imithi, kanye neminye imboni eminingi.

Ngokuma, amakhanda angahlukaniswa abe amakhanda ayisicaba, amakhanda amise okwesitsha, amakhanda ayindilinga, namakhanda ayindilinga. Amakhanda emikhumbi nama-boiler anomfutho ophezulu ikakhulukazi ayindilinga, kanti amakhanda ayindilinga asetshenziswa kakhulu ekucindezelweni okuphakathi nangaphezulu. Inani elincane kuphela lemikhumbi enomfutho ophansi elisebenzisa amakhanda anesimo sediski.

1. Indlela Yokucubungula Izitsha

(1) Ukunyathela. Ukuze uzivumelanise nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi, ukucindezela amakhanda anezindonga ezijiyile kanye nobubanzi obuncane kudinga amasethi amaningi ezinhlobo zezinhlobo zekhanda.
(2) Spin. Ifanele amakhanda amakhulu kakhulu nancane kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi embonini yamakhemikhali, ehilela kakhulu imisebenzi emikhulu nephansi, ifaneleka kakhulu ekuphotheni. Amakhanda ayindilinga afaneleka kakhulu ekuphotheni, kuyilapho amakhanda ezitsha engasetshenziswa kakhulu futhi amakhanda ayindilinga kunzima ukuwacindezela.

2. Imishini Yokucubungula Ikhanda Lezitsha Namathuluzi

(1) Imishini yokushisa: isitofu segesi. Izitofu zokushisa ezikhanyayo zisetshenziselwa ukufudumeza okwamanje, futhi ukufudumeza uwoyela noma igesi kusetshenziswa ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngoba kubonakala ngokusha okuhlanzekile, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukulawula izinga lokushisa okulula, kanye nobunzima bokushisa ngokweqile kanye nokususa amakhabhoni. Isitofu sokushisa kufanele sibe nedivayisi yokulinganisa izinga lokushisa kanye nerekhoda lokushisa
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(2)Umshini wokucindezela izitshaKunezinhlobo ezimbili: isenzo esisodwa kanye nesenzo esiphindwe kabili.

Isenzo esisodwa sisho isilinda sokunyathela kuphela futhi asinasilinda esingenalutho. Izimboni ezincane neziphakathi kuphela ezisisebenzisayo. Izimboni ezinkulu zonke zisebenzisa isenzo esiphindwe kabili, okungukuthi, kukhona isilinda esingenalutho kanye nesilinda sokunyathela.

Indlela yokudlulisa yomshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic ingamanzi. Ishibhile, ihamba ngokushesha, ayizinzile, futhi ayinazo izidingo zokuvala eziphakeme njengemishini ye-hydraulic. Ukusebenza kahle kuphansi kune-umshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic, futhi izidingo zesiqondiso aziqinile. Ukudluliswa komshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic kuzinzile futhi kunezidingo eziphezulu zokuvala nokuqondisa.

(3) Sebenzisa amathuluzi, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimonyo nezisekelo ezakha ikhanda, njll.

3. Izici Ezithinta Udonga Olujiyile Lwekhanda

Izinto eziningi zithinta ushintsho ekujiyeni kwekhanda, okungafingqwa kanje:
(1) Izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo. Isibonelo, inani elincane lekhanda lesivalo se-lead likhulu kakhulu kunelekhanda lesivalo se-carbon.
(2) Ukuma kwekhanda. Ikhanda elibunjwe njengediski linokuncipha okuncane kakhulu, ikhanda eliyindilinga linokuncipha okukhulu kakhulu, kanti ikhanda eliyindilinga linokulingana okuphakathi.
(3) Uma i-radius engezansi ye-die fillet inkulu, inani elincane lokuncipha liyancipha.
(4) Uma igebe eliphakathi kokufa okuphezulu nokungaphansi lilikhulu, kulapho inani lokuncipha lincipha khona.
(5) Isimo sokuthambisa sihle futhi inani lokuncibilika lincane.
(6) Uma izinga lokushisa lokushisa liphakeme, kulapho inani lokuncipha liba likhulu khona.

4. Cindezela bese ubhala ifomuIsiphetho Sesitsha

(1) Ngaphambi kokuba ikhanda ngalinye licindezelwe, isikali se-oxide esisekhanda esingenalutho kumele sisuswe. Isithambisi kufanele sisetshenziswe esikhumbeni ngaphambi kokusinyathela.

(2) Uma ucindezela, i-head blank kufanele ibekwe ngokujulile ne-mold ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuphambuka okuphakathi phakathi kwe-blank ne-mold engezansi kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-5mm. Uma ucindezela ikhanda elinezimbobo, kufanele unake ukubeka ukuvulwa kwe-elliptical endaweni engenalutho ngendlela efanayo nezimbazo ezinde nezimfushane ze-mold. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela, okokuqala, qondanisa i-hole punch nendawo yokuvula ye-blank bese uyisunduza. Yisunduzele endaweni ephakeme kancane kunendiza ye-mold engezansi (cishe u-20mm), bese ucindezela i-mold engenhla phansi futhi. I-hole punch nayo iwela ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze icindezele ikhanda libe sesimweni. Ngesikhathi sokucindezela, amandla okubhoboza kudingeka akhuliswe kancane kancane kusukela kokuncane kuya kokukhulu futhi akufanele akhuliswe noma ancishiswe ngokuzumayo.

(3) Ikhanda elishisayo lokunyathela lingadonswa kuphela kude nesikhunta bese liphakanyiswa uma selipholile libe ngaphansi kuka-600°C. Ungalifaki endaweni yokungenisa umoya. Ungabeki izingcezu ezingaphezu kwezimbili phezu komunye nomunye ngaphambi kokuba liphole liye ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ngesikhathi sokunyathela okuqhubekayo, izinga lokushisa ledayi likhuphukela cishe ku-250°C futhi ukunyathela akufanele kuqhutshekwe. Umsebenzi ungaqhubeka kuphela ngemva kokuba kuthathwe izinyathelo zokupholisa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ledayi.

(4) Ikhanda elinezimbobo kufanele lakhiwe ngesinyathelo esisodwa ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukwakheka ngesikhathi esisodwa ngenxa yemingcele enemibandela, kufanele kuqashelwe ukugxila kwekhanda lapho kubhobozwa imbobo, futhi kufanele kuqashelwe ukugcina ubukhulu bodonga obufanayo eflengeni lembobo.

5. Ikhanda Elishisayo Lokucindezelaumshini wokucindezela we-hydraulic

Iyashesha futhi iyaguquguquka ngebanga lokusetshenziswa, inokwethenjelwa kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, futhi iyonga futhi iyasebenza.
■ Kufanelekela ukwakheka kwekhanda elishisayo.
■ Isakhiwo sokucindezela sisebenzisa isakhiwo esinamakholomu amane.
■ Isilayidi sesibambi sifakwe i-adaptha ehamba ngemisebe.
■ Ukushaywa kwesilinda esingenalutho kungalungiseka.
■ Amandla okugcina angenalutho kanye namandla okwelula kungalungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
■ Ingafeza isenzo esisodwa kanye nesenzo esiphindwe kabili ngokulandelana.

6. Ikhanda Lokucindezela Okubandayo Lokwakha Umshini Wokucindezela Umfutholuketshezi

■ Kufanelekela ukwakheka kwekhanda elicindezelwe ngokubandayo.
■ Isakhiwo sokucindezela sisebenzisa isakhiwo esinamakholomu amane.
■ Umshini wokwelula ufakwe isikhunta esingaphezulu, isikhunta esingezansi, uxhumano lwesikhunta, kanye nedivayisi yokushintsha ngokushesha.
■ Amandla okugcina angenalutho kanye namandla okwelula kungalungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo.