Nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyoroshye kuriimodokagusimbuza icyuma na pulasitiki,FRP/ibikoresho by'imyunyu ngugubifitanye isano rya hafi no kuzigama ingufu z'imodoka, kurengera ibidukikije no kurengera umutekano. Gukoresha plastiki/ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bikozwe mu kirahure bikonjeshwa n'udupira tw'ibirahure mu gukora ibikonoshwa by'imodoka n'ibindi bice bifitanye isano ni bumwe mu buryo bwiza bwo gutuma imodoka zoroha.
Kuva imodoka ya mbere ya FRP ku isi, GM Corvette, yakorwa neza mu 1953, ibikoresho bya FRP/composite byabaye imbaraga nshya mu nganda z'imodoka. Uburyo gakondo bwo gushyiramo intoki bubereye gusa mu gukora imodoka nto, kandi ntibushobora guhaza ibyifuzo by'iterambere rihoraho ry'inganda z'imodoka.
Guhera mu myaka ya 1970, bitewe n'iterambere ryagenze neza ryaIbikoresho bya SMCno gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya hakoreshejwe imashini n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga irangi mu ibumba, igipimo cy'iterambere rya buri mwaka rya FRP/ibikoresho bya composite mu bikorwa by'imodoka cyageze kuri 25%, kiba icya mbere mu iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa bya FRP by'imodoka. Igihe cy'iterambere ryihuse;
Mu ntangiriro z'imyaka ya 1990 y'imyaka ya 1920, hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'ibikenewe byo kurengera ibidukikije, ibyoroheje, no kuzigama ingufu, ibikoresho bya thermoplastic bigizwe naGMT (ibikoresho bya thermoplastic byashyizwemo fibre y'ikirahure) na LFT (ibikoresho bya thermoplastic byashyizwemo fibre y'ikirahure)byabonetse. Byateye imbere vuba, kandi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibice by’imiterere y’imodoka, hamwe n’umuvuduko w’izamuka rya 10-15% buri mwaka, bigatera igihe cya kabiri cy’iterambere ryihuse. Nk’ibintu bishya, ibikoresho bivanze bigenda bisimbura buhoro buhoro ibikoresho by’icyuma n’ibindi bikoresho gakondo mu bice by’imodoka, kandi byageze ku ngaruka nziza ku bukungu no mu mutekano.
Ibice by'imodoka bya FRP/composite bigabanyijemo ibice bitatu:ibice by'umubiri, ibice by'imiterere n'ibice bikora.
1. Ibice by'umubiri:harimo ibisenge by'umubiri, ibisenge bikomeye, ibisenge by'izuba, inzugi, radiator grilles, reflectors zo hejuru, bumpers z'imbere n'inyuma, nibindi, ndetse n'ibice by'imbere. Iyi niyo cyerekezo nyamukuru cyo gukoresha FRP/composite mu modoka, ahanini kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenewe mu buryo bworoshye kandi bugaragara neza. Kuri ubu, amahirwe yo gutera imbere no gukoresha aracyari menshi. Ahanini ni plastiki zikoresha thermosetting zikozwe muri fibre y'ikirahure. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gushushanya burimo: SMC/BMC, RTM no gushyiramo intoki/gutera.
2. Ibice by'imiterere:harimo udukingirizo tw’imbere, utubati twa bumper, utubati tw’intebe, hasi, nibindi. Intego ni ukunoza ubwisanzure mu gushushanya, ubwisanzure n’ubuziranenge bw’ibice. Koresha cyane cyane ibikoresho bya SMC, GMT, LFT n’ibindi bikoresho bikomeye.
3.Ibice bikora:Ikintu nyamukuru kiyiranga ni uko ikenera ubushyuhe bwinshi no kurwanya ingese y'amavuta, cyane cyane kuri moteri n'ibice byayo biyikikije. Urugero: umupfundikizo wa valve ya moteri, intake manifold, isafuriya y'amavuta, umupfundikizo wa filter y'umwuka, umupfundikizo w'icyuma gikingira igikoresho, intera y'umwuka, plaque y'umuyoboro w'amazi, icyuma cy'umufana, impeta y'umwuka w'umufana, umupfundikizo w'igishyushya, ibice by'ikigega cy'amazi, icyuma cyo hanze, turbine y'amazi, ikibaho cyo gukingira amajwi ya moteri, nibindi. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoreshwa ni: SMC/BMC, RTM, GMT na nylon y'ibirahure ishyigikiwe na fibre.
4. Ibindi bice bifitanye isano:nk'ibice bya CNG, ibikoresho by'isuku by'imodoka zitwara abagenzi n'iby'imodoka zitwara abagenzi, ibice bya moto, amapine yo kurwanya impanuka mu muhanda n'inkingi zo kurwanya impanuka, inkuta zo kwimura imodoka, utubati two kugenzura ibisenge by'imodoka, n'ibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-07-2021
