Gutezimbere fibre ya basalt

Kuvuga tekinoroji yo gukora fibre ya basalt, ngomba kuvuga kuri Paul Dhe ukomoka mubufaransa.Niwe muntu wa mbere wagize igitekerezo cyo gukuramo fibre muri basalt.Yasabye ipatanti ya Amerika mu 1923. Ahagana mu 1960, Amerika ndetse n'icyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti bombi batangiye kwiga ku ikoreshwa rya basalt, cyane cyane mu bikoresho bya gisirikare nka roketi.Mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Amerika, umubare munini wa basalt yibumbiye hamwe.Kaminuza ya Leta ya Washington RVSubramanian yakoze ubushakashatsi ku miterere ya chimique ya basalt, imiterere yo gusohora hamwe nimiterere yumubiri nubumara bya fibre ya basalt.Owens Corning (OC) hamwe nandi masosiyete menshi yikirahure bakoze imishinga yubushakashatsi bwigenga kandi babonye patenti zimwe na zimwe muri Amerika.Ahagana mu 1970, Isosiyete y'Abanyamerika Glass Company yaretse ubushakashatsi bwa fibre ya basalt, ishyira ingufu mu bicuruzwa byayo, kandi ikora fibre nziza nziza y'ibirahure harimo na fibre y'ibirahuri ya S-2 ya Owens Corning.
Muri icyo gihe, imirimo y'ubushakashatsi mu Burayi bw'i Burasirazuba irakomeje.Kuva mu myaka ya za 1950, ibigo byigenga byagize uruhare muri ubu bushakashatsi i Moscou, Prague no mu tundi turere byahawe ubwenegihugu n’icyahoze ari Minisiteri y’ingabo z’Abasoviyeti kandi byibanda mu cyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti hafi ya Kiev muri Ukraine.Ibigo byubushakashatsi ninganda.Nyuma y’isenyuka ry’Abasoviyeti mu 1991, ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bw’Abasoviyeti byatangajwe kandi bitangira gukoreshwa mu bicuruzwa bya gisivili.

Muri iki gihe, ibyinshi mu bushakashatsi, umusaruro no gukoresha isoko rya fibre ya basalt bishingiye ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’icyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti.Urebye uko iterambere ryifashe muri iki gihe fibre yo mu gihugu, hari ubwoko butatu bwa tekinoroji ya basalt ikomeza ikora: imwe ni itanura ry’amashanyarazi rihuriweho na Sichuan Aerospace Tuoxin, irindi ni itanura ryamashanyarazi yose rihagarariwe na Zhejiang Shijin Isosiyete, naho ubundi ni itanura ryamashanyarazi rihuriweho na Sichuan Aerospace Tuoxin.Ubwoko ni Zhengzhou Dengdian Group ya fibre ya basalt yamabuye nkuhagarariye itanura ryamashanyarazi yose.
Ugereranije imikorere ya tekiniki nubukungu yuburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya umusaruro murugo, itanura ryamashanyarazi yose rifite umusaruro mwinshi, kugenzura neza, gukoresha ingufu nke, kurengera ibidukikije, kandi nta myuka yangiza.Yaba fibre fibre cyangwa tekinoroji yo gukora basalt fibre, igihugu kirashishikarizwa gushishikarizwa guteza imbere itanura ryamashanyarazi yose kugirango igabanye ikirere.

Muri 2019, Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura ku nshuro yayo ya mbere yashyize mu buryo bweruye ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya itanura rya basalt fibre pisine muri “National Catalogal Guidance Guidance Catalog (2019)” mu rwego rwo gushimangira iterambere, ryerekanaga icyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’ibanze ry’Ubushinwa. inganda za fibre kandi yayoboye inganda zibyara umusaruro buhoro buhoro kuva mumatanura yumuriro ukajya mumatara manini., Kugenda werekeza ku musaruro munini.
Nk’uko amakuru abitangaza, ikoranabuhanga ry’isosiyete ya Kamenny Vek yo mu Burusiya ryateye imbere kugeza ku buhanga bwo gushushanya itanura rya 1200;nubu uruganda rukora murugo ruracyiganje 200 na 400-umwobo wo gushushanya amashanyarazi ya tekinoroji.Mu myaka ibiri ishize, amasosiyete menshi yo murugo yagiye akomeza kugerageza mubushakashatsi bwibyobo 1200, umwobo 1600, hamwe nu mwobo 2400, kandi ibisubizo byiza byagezweho, kandi byinjiye mubigeragezo, bishyiraho umusingi mwiza wo kubyara umusaruro munini w'itanura rinini hamwe n’ibice binini mu Bushinwa mu bihe biri imbere.
Basalt ikomeza fibre (CBF) ni tekinoroji yohejuru, ikora cyane.Ifite ibiranga ibintu bihanitse bya tekiniki, igabana ryumwuga ryitondewe ryakazi, hamwe ningeri zitandukanye zumwuga.Kugeza ubu, tekinoroji yo gutunganya umusaruro iracyari mu ntangiriro yiterambere, kandi ubu yiganjemo itanura rimwe.Ugereranije n'inganda z'ibirahure, inganda za CBF zifite umusaruro muke, gukoresha ingufu nyinshi, ibicuruzwa byinshi, hamwe no guhangana ku isoko bidahagije.Nyuma yimyaka hafi 40 yiterambere, hateguwe itanura rinini rinini rya toni 10,000 na toni 100.000.Birakuze cyane.Gusa nkicyitegererezo cyiterambere cya fibre fibre, fibre ya basalt irashobora kugenda buhoro buhoro yerekeza kumasoko manini manini kugirango ikomeze kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro no kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Mu myaka yashize, amasosiyete menshi y’imbere mu gihugu n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi yashoye imbaraga nyinshi z’abakozi, umutungo w’ibikoresho n’umutungo w’amafaranga mu bushakashatsi bw’ikoranabuhanga rikora fibre.Nyuma yimyaka yubushakashatsi bwa tekiniki no kwitoza, tekinoroji yo gukora itanura rimwe ryarakuze.Gushyira mu bikorwa, ariko ishoramari ridahagije mubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga rya tann, intambwe nto, kandi ahanini byarangiye binaniwe.

Ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga rya tann: ibikoresho by'itanura nimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byo gukora fibre ikomeza.Niba imiterere y'itanura ryumvikana, niba gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bifite ishingiro, niba ibikoresho bivunika bishobora kwihanganira isuri yumuti wa basalt, ibipimo byo kugenzura urwego rwamazi hamwe nubushyuhe bwitanura Ibibazo byingenzi bya tekiniki nko kugenzura byose biri imbere yacu kandi bigomba gukemurwa .
Amatanura manini manini arakenewe kugirango habeho umusaruro munini.Ku bw'amahirwe, Itsinda rya Dengdian ryafashe iya mbere mu gutera intambwe nini mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya toni y’amashanyarazi yose.Nk’uko abantu bamenyereye inganda babitangaza ngo ubu isosiyete ifite itanura rinini cyane ry’amashanyarazi yo gutanura amashanyarazi rifite ubushobozi bwo gutanga toni 1200 ryatangiye gukora kuva mu 2018. Iyi ni intambwe ikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya fibre ya basalt- amashanyarazi yo gushonga itanura, rifite akamaro kanini kandi ritezimbere mugutezimbere inganda zose za basalt fibre.

Ubushakashatsi bunini bwa tekinoroji ya slat:Amatanura manini agomba kuba afite ibice binini.Ubushakashatsi bwa tekinoroji ya slat ikubiyemo impinduka mubintu, imiterere yibice, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cyimiterere.Ibi ntabwo bikenewe gusa Impano zumwuga zikeneye kugerageza ushize amanga mubikorwa.Tekinoroji yo kubyaza umusaruro isahani nini nimwe muburyo nyamukuru bwo kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro no kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Kugeza ubu, umubare wibyobo biri muri basalt bikomeza fibre fibre imbere mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo ahanini ni imyobo 200 nu mwobo 400.Uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibice byinshi hamwe nibice binini bizamura ubushobozi bwimashini imwe kubwinshi.Icyerekezo cyubushakashatsi bwibice binini bizakurikiza igitekerezo cyiterambere cyibirahure bya fibre, kuva kumyobo 800, imyobo 1200, imyobo 1600, imyobo 2400, nibindi bigana ku cyerekezo kinini.Ubushakashatsi nubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga bizafasha igiciro cyumusaruro.Kugabanuka kwa fibre ya basalt nayo igira uruhare mukuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa, ari nacyo cyerekezo byanze bikunze cyiterambere.Nibyiza kuzamura ubwiza bwa fibre ya basalt itaziguye igenda, kandi byihutisha ikoreshwa rya fiberglass nibikoresho byinshi.
Ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho fatizo bya basalt: ibikoresho fatizo nibyo shingiro ryibigo bitanga umusaruro.Mu myaka ibiri ishize, kubera ingaruka za politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije mu gihugu, ibirombe byinshi bya basalt mu Bushinwa ntibyashoboye gucukura amabuye y'agaciro.Ibikoresho bibisi ntabwo byigeze byibandwaho ninganda zibyara umusaruro.Byahindutse icyuho mu iterambere ry’inganda, kandi ryanahatiye ababikora n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi gutangira kwiga homogenisation y’ibikoresho fatizo bya basalt.
Ikiranga tekinike yumusaruro wa basalt fibre ni uko ikurikira inzira yumusaruro wahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti kandi ikoresha ubutare bumwe bwa basalt nkibikoresho fatizo.Ibikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro birasaba kubigize ubutare.Iterambere ry’inganda muri iki gihe ni ugukoresha amabuye y'agaciro asanzwe cyangwa menshi atandukanye kugira ngo bahuze umusaruro, ibyo bikaba bihuye n'inganda za basalt bita "zero zangiza".Amasosiyete menshi yo mu gihugu akora ubushakashatsi no kugerageza.