Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gusuzuma ibibazo by'ibikoresho bya hydraulic. Muri iki gihe, uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa ni ugusuzuma amaso, kugereranya no gusimbuza, gusesengura ibintu mu buryo bwumvikana, kumenya ibikoresho byihariye, no kugenzura uko ibintu bimeze.
Urutonde rw'ibikubiye muri iki gitabo:
1. Uburyo bwo kugenzura amaso
2. Kugereranya no Gusimbuza
3. Isesengura ry'ubwenge
4. Uburyo bwo Gutahura Ibikoresho Bijyanye n'Igikoresho
5. Uburyo bwo Gukurikirana Leta
Uburyo bwo kugenzura amashusho
Uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu buzwi kandi bwitwa uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gusuzuma. Ni bwo buryo bworoshye kandi bworoshye bwo gusuzuma amakosa ya sisitemu ya hydraulic. Ubu buryo bukorwa binyuze mu buryo bw'inyuguti esheshatu bwo kuvuga "kubona, kumva, gukorakora, guhumurirwa, gusoma no kubaza". Uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu bushobora gukorwa haba mu gihe ibikoresho bya hydraulic bikora ndetse no mu gihe bitagikora.
1. Reba
Reba imiterere nyayo y'imikorere ya sisitemu ya hydraulic.
(1) Reba umuvuduko. Bivuga niba hari impinduka cyangwa ubusumbane mu muvuduko w'umuvuduko w'icyuma gitera imbaraga.
(2) Reba umuvuduko. Bivuga umuvuduko n'impinduka za buri gace gakurikirana umuvuduko muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.
(3) Reba amavuta. Bivuga niba amavuta ari meza cyangwa yangiritse, ndetse niba hari ifuro hejuru. Niba urwego rw'amazi ruri mu rugero rwagenwe. Niba ubushyuhe bw'amavuta ya hydraulic bukwiye.
(4) Shakisha aho amazi asohoka, yerekeza niba hari aho amazi asohoka muri buri gice gihuza.
(5) Reba vibration, yerekeza ku kuba hydraulic actuator iri gukubita iyo ikora.
(6) Reba ibicuruzwa. Suzuma uko imikorere ya actuator ihagaze, umuvuduko w'imikorere n'uburyo sisitemu ya hydraulic ihagaze, nibindi ukurikije ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa byatunganyijwe n'ibikoresho bya hydraulic.
2. Tega amatwi
Koresha iburanisha kugira ngo urebe niba sisitemu ya hydraulic ikora neza.
(1) Umva urusaku. Umva niba urusaku rw'ipompo y'umuziki w'amazi n'uburyo bw'umuziki w'amazi ari rwinshi cyane hamwe n'imiterere y'urusaku. Reba niba ibikoresho bigenzura umuvuduko nk'udupira two gufasha n'ibikoresho bigenzura urukurikirane byaravugiwe.
(2) Umva ijwi ry'urusaku rw'urusaku. Bivuga niba ijwi ry'urusaku rw'urusaku ari runini cyane iyo silindiri ya hydraulic yo ku ntebe y'akazi ihinduye icyerekezo. Ese hari urusaku rwa piston ikubita hasi ya silindiri? Reba niba valve isubira inyuma ikubita ku gifuniko cyo ku mpera iyo isubira inyuma.
(3) Umva urusaku rudasanzwe rw'amavuta akoreshwa mu gukaraba no mu gukaraba. Reba niba pompe ya hydraulic igeze mu kirere kandi niba hari ikintu gikomeye cyayifashe.
(4) Umva ijwi rikomanga. Bivuga niba hari ijwi rikomanga ryatewe n'ibyangiritse iyo pompe ya hydraulic ikora.
3. Gukoraho
Kora ku bice byimuka byemerewe gukorwaho n'intoki kugira ngo usobanukirwe imiterere yabyo.
(1) Kora ku izamuka ry'ubushyuhe. Kora ku buso bwa pompe ya hydraulic, ikigega cy'amavuta, n'ibice bya valve n'amaboko yawe. Niba wumva ushyushye iyo ubikozeho amasegonda abiri, ugomba gusuzuma impamvu y'izamuka ry'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
(2) Kora ku kuzunguruka. Umva kuzunguruka kw'ibice byimuka n'imiyoboro y'amazi ukoresheje intoki. Niba hari kuzunguruka gukabije, impamvu igomba kugenzurwa.
(3) Gukora ku kurira. Iyo intebe y'akazi irimo kugenda ku mutwaro woroshye kandi umuvuduko muto, reba niba hari ikintu kigenda kirira n'intoki.
(4) Kora ku rugero rw'ubukana. Ikoreshwa mu gukora ku bukana bw'icyuma gifunga, icyuma gifunga gito, n'icyuma gifunga, n'ibindi.
4. Impumuro
Koresha uburyo bwo guhumurirwa kugira ngo umenye niba amavuta afite impumuro cyangwa atari yo. Niba ibice bya kabutura bitanga impumuro yihariye bitewe no gushyuha cyane, nibindi.
5. Soma
Suzuma inyandiko zijyanye n'isesengura ry'ibyangiritse n'inyandiko zo gusana, amakarita y'igenzura rya buri munsi n'amakarita asanzwe yo kugenzura, hamwe n'inyandiko z'impinduka n'inyandiko zo kubungabunga.
6. Baza
Kubona umukozi ushinzwe ibikoresho n'uko ibikoresho bihagaze mu mikorere isanzwe.
(1) Baza niba sisitemu ya hydraulic ikora neza. Reba niba ipompo ya hydraulic ikora nabi.
(2) Baza igihe amavuta ya hydraulic asimbura. Niba akayunguruzo gasukuye.
(3) Baza niba valve igenzura umuvuduko cyangwa umuvuduko yarahinduwe mbere y'impanuka. Ni iki kidasanzwe?
(4) Baza niba ibifunga cyangwa ibice bya hydraulic byarasimbuwe mbere y'impanuka.
(5) Baza ibintu bidasanzwe byabaye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic mbere na nyuma y'impanuka.
(6) Baza ibibazo byakunze kubaho mu bihe byashize n'uko wabikuraho.
Bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'amarangamutima ya buri muntu, ubushobozi bwe bwo gusuzuma, n'uburambe bwe mu bikorwa, ibisubizo by'urubanza bizaba bitandukanye rwose. Ariko, nyuma yo kwitoza kenshi, impamvu yananiwe iba yihariye kandi amaherezo izemezwa kandi ikavanwaho. Byakagombye kugaragazwa ko ubu buryo burushaho kugira akamaro ku bahanga n'abatekinisiye bafite uburambe mu bikorwa.
Kugereranya no Gusimbuza
Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu kugenzura amakosa ya sisitemu ya hydraulic mu gihe nta bikoresho byo gupima birimo. Kandi akenshi buhuzwa no gusimbuza. Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo kugereranya no gusimbuza nk'ubu bukurikira.
Urugero rumwe ni ugukoresha imashini ebyiri zifite icyitegererezo kimwe n'ibipimo by'imikorere kugira ngo ukore ibizamini bigereranya kugira ngo haboneke amakosa. Mu gihe cy'ikizamini, ibice bikekwa by'imashini bishobora gusimbuzwa, hanyuma ugatangira ikizamini. Iyo imikorere irushijeho kuba myiza, uzamenya aho ikibazo kiri. Bitabaye ibyo, komeza urebe ibindi bice ukoresheje uburyo bumwe cyangwa ubundi buryo.
Ikindi kibazo ni uko kuri sisitemu za hydraulic zifite circuit imwe ikora, hakoreshwa uburyo bwo gusimbuza bugereranywa. Ibi biroroshye kurushaho. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu nyinshi ubu zihujwe n'imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ibyo bikaba bitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gusimbuza. Iyo habayeho ibice bikekwaho ikibazo iyo bibaye ngombwa gusimbuza ibice by'indi circuit, nta mpamvu yo gusenya ibice, ahubwo usimbuze gusa imiyoboro ijyanye nayo.
Isesengura ry'ubwenge
Ku makosa akomeye ya sisitemu ya hydraulic, isesengura ry'ubwenge rikunze gukoreshwa. Ni ukuvuga, hakurikijwe imiterere y'amakosa, uburyo bwo gusesengura bwenge no gutekereza bukoreshwa. Ubusanzwe hari ahantu habiri ho gutangira gukoresha isesengura ry'ubwenge kugira ngo hamenyekane amakosa ya sisitemu ya hydraulic:
Umuntu ahera ku gice cy’ingenzi. Kunanirwa kwa moteri y’ingenzi bivuze ko icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi kidakora neza.
Icya kabiri ni uguhera ku guhomba kwa sisitemu ubwayo. Hari igihe guhomba kwa sisitemu bitagira ingaruka kuri moteri nyamukuru mu gihe gito, nko guhinduka k'ubushyuhe bwa peteroli, kwiyongera k'urusaku, nibindi.
Isesengura ry’ubwenge ni isesengura ry’ubuziranenge gusa. Iyo uburyo bwo gusesengura bw’ubwenge buhujwe n’igerageza ry’ibikoresho byihariye byo gupima, imikorere n’ubunyangamugayo byo gusuzuma amakosa bishobora kunozwa cyane.
Uburyo bwo Gutahura Ibikoresho Bijyanye n'Igikoresho
Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe by'ingenzi bya hydraulic bigomba gupimwa byihariye. Ibyo ni ukumenya impamvu nyamukuru y'ikosa no gutanga ishingiro ryizewe ryo gusuzuma ikosa. Hari ibikoresho byinshi byihariye byo gupima ikosa mu gihugu no mu mahanga, bishobora gupima amazi, umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe, kandi bishobora gupima umuvuduko wa pompe na moteri.
(1) Igitutu
Menya agaciro k'umuvuduko wa buri gice cya sisitemu ya hydraulic hanyuma usesengure niba kiri mu rugero rwemewe.
(2) Urugendo rw'imodoka
Genzura niba agaciro k'amavuta kuri buri mwanya wa sisitemu ya hydraulic kari mu rugero rusanzwe.
(3) Izamuka ry'ubushyuhe
Menya agaciro k'ubushyuhe bwa pompe za hydraulic, actuators, na tanki za lisansi. Suzuma niba biri mu rugero rusanzwe.
(4) Urusaku
Gutahura agaciro k'urusaku rudasanzwe hanyuma urusesengure kugira ngo umenye aho rwaturutse.
Icyitonderwa ni uko ibice bya hydraulic bikekwaho kwangirika bigomba kugeragezwa ku ntebe y'igerageza hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho by'igerageza ry'uruganda. Igenzura ry'ibice rigomba kuba ryoroshye mbere hanyuma rikagorana. Ibice by'ingenzi ntibishobora gukurwa mu buryo bworoshye muri sisitemu. Ndetse no kugenzura hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutandukanya ibintu.
Uburyo bwo Gukurikirana Leta
Ibikoresho byinshi bya hydraulic ubwabyo bifite ibikoresho byo gutahura ibipimo by'ingenzi. Cyangwa aho gupimira haba habitswe muri sisitemu. Bishobora kugaragara hatabayeho gukuraho ibice, cyangwa ibipimo by'imikorere y'ibice bishobora kugaragara mu buryo bwo gusuzuma, bigatanga ishingiro ry'ingano yo gusuzuma mbere y'igihe.
Urugero, ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kugenzura nk'umuvuduko, ubwiyongere bw'amazi, aho aherereye, umuvuduko, urwego rw'amazi, ubushyuhe, inzogera ya filter, nibindi bishyirwa mu bice bireba sisitemu ya hydraulic no muri buri actuator. Iyo habayeho ikibazo mu gice runaka, igikoresho cyo kugenzura gishobora gupima imiterere ya parameter ya tekiniki mu gihe. Kandi gishobora kugaragara mu buryo bwikora kuri ecran y'ubuyobozi, kugira ngo gisesengure kandi cyige, gihindure ibipimo, gisuzume amakosa, kandi kiyikureho.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura imiterere y'umubiri rishobora gutanga amakuru atandukanye n'ibipimo byo kubungabunga ibikoresho bya hydraulic. Rishobora gusuzuma neza amakosa akomeye adashobora gukemurwa gusa n'ingingo z'umubiri z'abantu.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere ya leta muri rusange bukoreshwa ku bwoko bukurikira bw'ibikoresho bya hydraulic:
(1) Ibikoresho bya Hydraulic n'imiyoboro yikora bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku musaruro wose nyuma yo kwangirika.
(2) Ibikoresho bya hydraulic na sisitemu zo kugenzura bigomba kwitabwaho mu mutekano wabyo.
(3) Sisitemu z'amazi zigezweho, nini, zidasanzwe, kandi zihambaye kandi zihenze.
(4) Ibikoresho bya hydraulic n'uburyo bwo kugenzura hydraulic hamwe n'igiciro kinini cyo gusana cyangwa igihe kirekire cyo gusana hamwe n'igihombo kinini giterwa no kuzimya kwangirika.
Uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru ni bwo bwo gukemura ibibazo by'ibikoresho byose bya hydraulic. Niba utarashobora kumenya impamvu yateye ikibazo cy'ibikoresho, ushobora kutwandikira.Zhengxini uruganda ruzwi cyane rukora ibikoresho bya hydraulic, rufite itsinda rishinzwe serivisi zo ku rwego rwo hejuru nyuma yo kugurisha, kandi rutanga serivisi z’umwuga zo kubungabunga imashini za hydraulic.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-01-2023
