Kunezindlela eziningi zokuxilonga ukwehluleka kwemishini ye-hydraulic. Njengamanje, izindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola ngokubona, ukuqhathanisa nokufaka esikhundleni, ukuhlaziya okunengqondo, ukutholwa kwemishini ekhethekile, kanye nokuqapha isimo.
Uhlu Lokuqukethwe:
1. Indlela Yokuhlola Okubonakalayo
2. Ukuqhathanisa Nokufaka Esikhundleni
3. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-logic
4. Indlela Yokuthola Ithuluzi Elikhethekile
5. Indlela Yokuqapha Kahulumeni
Indlela Yokuhlola Okubonakalayo
Indlela yokuhlola ngokubona ibizwa nangokuthi indlela yokuxilonga yokuqala. Iyindlela elula futhi elula kakhulu yokuxilonga amaphutha ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic. Le ndlela yenziwa ngendlela yomlomo enezinhlamvu eziyisithupha ethi “ukubona, ukulalela, ukuthinta, ukuhogela, ukufunda, nokubuza”. Indlela yokuhlola ngokubona ingenziwa kokubili esimweni sokusebenza semishini ye-hydraulic kanye nasesimweni sokungasebenzi.
1. Bheka
Bheka isimo sangempela sesistimu ye-hydraulic esebenza.
(1) Bheka isivinini. Kubhekisela ekutheni kukhona yini ushintsho noma ukungajwayelekile esivinini sokuhamba kwe-actuator.
(2) Bheka ingcindezi. Kubhekisela ekucindezelweni kanye nezinguquko zephuzu ngalinye lokuqapha ingcindezi ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic.
(3) Bheka uwoyela. Kubhekisela ekutheni uwoyela uhlanzekile, noma wonakele, nokuthi ngabe kukhona igwebu ebusweni. Ukuthi izinga loketshezi lingaphakathi kwebanga elibekiwe. Ukuthi i-viscosity yamafutha e-hydraulic iyafaneleka yini.
(4) Bheka ukuvuza, ubhekisele ekutheni kukhona yini ukuvuza engxenyeni ngayinye exhumanisayo.
(5) Bheka ukudlidliza, okubhekisela ekutheni i-hydraulic actuator iyashaya yini uma isebenza.
(6) Bheka umkhiqizo. Hlulela isimo sokusebenza se-actuator, ingcindezi yokusebenza kanye nokuqina kokugeleza kohlelo lwe-hydraulic, njll. ngokwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ecutshungulwa yimishini ye-hydraulic.
2. Lalela
Sebenzisa i-case ukuze wahlulele ukuthi uhlelo lwe-hydraulic lusebenza kahle yini.
(1) Lalela umsindo. Lalela ukuthi umsindo wepompo yomculo owuketshezi kanye nohlelo lomculo owuketshezi uphakeme kakhulu yini kanye nezici zomsindo. Hlola ukuthi izingxenye zokulawula ingcindezi ezifana nama-valve okusiza kanye nezilawuli zokulandelana ziye zakhala yini.
(2) Lalela umsindo wokushaya. Kubhekisela ekutheni umsindo wokushaya uphakeme kakhulu yini lapho isilinda se-hydraulic sebhentshi lokusebenza sishintsha indlela. Ingabe kukhona umsindo we-piston oshaya phansi kwesilinda? Hlola ukuthi ivalvu yokubuyela emuva ishaya yini isembozo sokugcina lapho ibuyela emuva.
(3) Lalela umsindo ongajwayelekile we-cavitation kanye namafutha angasebenzi. Hlola ukuthi iphampu ye-hydraulic idonswa emoyeni nokuthi kukhona yini into engathi sína yokubamba.
(4) Lalela umsindo wokungqongqoza. Kubhekisela ekutheni kukhona yini umsindo wokungqongqoza obangelwe umonakalo lapho iphampu ye-hydraulic isebenza.
3. Ukuthinta
Thinta izingxenye ezihambayo ezivunyelwe ukuthintwa ngesandla ukuze uqonde isimo sazo sokusebenza.
(1) Thinta ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa. Thinta ubuso bephampu ye-hydraulic, ithangi likawoyela, kanye nezingxenye zevalvu ngezandla zakho. Uma uzizwa ushisa uma uyithinta imizuzwana emibili, kufanele uhlole imbangela yokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
(2) Thinta ukudlidliza. Zizwe ukudlidliza kwezingxenye ezihambayo kanye namapayipi ngesandla. Uma kukhona ukudlidliza okuvama kakhulu, imbangela kufanele ihlolwe.
(3) Ukukhasa ngokucindezela. Uma ibhentshi lokusebenzela lihamba ngomthwalo omncane nangesivinini esiphansi, hlola ukuthi kukhona yini into yokukhasa ngesandla.
(4) Thinta izinga lokuqina. Isetshenziselwa ukuthinta ukuqina kwesivalo sensimbi, i-micro switch, kanye nesikulufu sokubopha, njll.
4. Iphunga
Sebenzisa umuzwa wokuhogela ukuze uhlukanise ukuthi uwoyela uyanuka noma cha. Ukuthi izingxenye zerabha zikhipha iphunga elikhethekile ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile, njll.
5. Funda
Buyekeza amarekhodi okuhlaziya ukwehluleka kanye nokulungisa afanele, amakhadi okuhlola ansuku zonke kanye nokuhlola avamile, kanye namarekhodi okushintsha kanye namarekhodi okulungisa.
6. Buza
Ukufinyelela kumqhubi wemishini kanye nesimo sokusebenza esijwayelekile semishini.
(1) Buza ukuthi uhlelo lwe-hydraulic lusebenza kahle yini. Hlola iphampu ye-hydraulic ukuze ubone ukuthi ayisebenzi kahle yini.
(2) Buza ngesikhathi sokushintsha uwoyela we-hydraulic. Ingabe isihlungi sihlanzekile.
(3) Buza ukuthi ivalvu yokulawula ingcindezi noma isivinini ilungisiwe yini ngaphambi kwengozi. Yini engavamile?
(4) Buza ukuthi izivalo noma izingxenye ze-hydraulic zishintshiwe yini ngaphambi kwengozi.
(5) Buza ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezingavamile ezenzeke ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic ngaphambi nangemva kwengozi.
(6) Buza ukuthi yikuphi ukwehluleka okwakuvame ukwenzeka esikhathini esidlule nokuthi ungakuqeda kanjani.
Ngenxa yokwehluka kwemizwa yomuntu ngamunye, ikhono lokwahlulela, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo, imiphumela yokwahlulela izohluka nakanjani. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokuzijwayeza okuphindaphindiwe, imbangela yokwehluleka icacile futhi ekugcineni izoqinisekiswa futhi iqedwe. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi le ndlela isebenza kangcono konjiniyela nochwepheshe abanolwazi olusebenzayo.
Ukuqhathanisa Nokufaka Esikhundleni
Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukwehluleka kwesistimu ye-hydraulic uma kungekho mishini yokuhlola. Futhi ivame ukuhlanganiswa nokushintsha. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuqhathanisa nezindlela zokushintsha kanje.
Esinye isibonelo ukusebenzisa imishini emibili enemodeli efanayo kanye nemingcele yokusebenza ukwenza izivivinyo zokuqhathanisa ukuthola amaphutha. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, izingxenye ezisolisayo zomshini zingashintshwa, bese uqala ukuhlolwa. Uma ukusebenza kuba ngcono, uzokwazi ukuthi iphutha likuphi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, qhubeka nokuhlola ezinye izingxenye ngendlela efanayo noma ezinye izindlela.
Esinye isimo ukuthi ezinhlelweni ze-hydraulic ezinesekethe efanayo esebenzayo, kusetshenziswa indlela yokuqhathanisa yokufaka esikhundleni. Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo eziningi manje zixhunywe ngamapayipi anomfutho ophezulu, okunikeza izimo ezilula kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwendlela yokufaka esikhundleni. Lapho kuhlangatshezwana nezingxenye ezisolisayo lapho kudingeka ukufaka esikhundleni izingxenye ezingasebenzi zesekethe, asikho isidingo sokuzihlukanisa izingxenye, vele ufake esikhundleni amajoyinti epayipi afanele.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-logic
Kumaphutha ayinkimbinkimbi ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic, ukuhlaziywa kwe-logic kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Okusho ukuthi, ngokwesimo samaphutha, kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlaziya okunengqondo kanye nokucabanga. Ngokuvamile kunezindawo ezimbili zokuqala zokusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa okunengqondo ukuxilonga amaphutha ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic:
Enye iqala kusukela kunjini enkulu. Ukwehluleka kwenjini enkulu kusho ukuthi i-actuator yesistimu ye-hydraulic ayisebenzi kahle.
Okwesibili ukuqala ngokwehluleka kohlelo ngokwalo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwehluleka kohlelo akuthinti injini eyinhloko ngesikhathi esifushane, njengokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa likawoyela, ukwanda komsindo, njll.
Ukuhlaziywa okunengqondo kuwukuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi kuphela. Uma indlela yokuhlaziya okunengqondo ihlanganiswa nokuhlolwa kwezinsimbi zokuhlola ezikhethekile, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunemba kokuxilongwa kwamaphutha kungathuthukiswa kakhulu.
Indlela Yokuthola Ithuluzi Elikhethekile
Eminye imishini ebalulekile ye-hydraulic kumele ihlolwe ngobuningi. Lokho ukuthola imingcele yembangela yephutha futhi kuhlinzeke ngesisekelo esithembekile sokwahlulela iphutha. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuthola amaphutha ezikhethekile eziphathwayo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, ezingalinganisa ukugeleza, ingcindezi, kanye nokushisa, futhi zingalinganisa ijubane lamaphampu nama-motor.
(1) Ingcindezi
Thola inani lokucindezela kwengxenye ngayinye yesistimu ye-hydraulic bese uhlaziya ukuthi lingaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile yini.
(2) Ithrafikhi
Hlola ukuthi inani lokugeleza kukawoyela endaweni ngayinye yesistimu ye-hydraulic lingaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile.
(3) Ukuphakama Kwezinga Lokushisa
Thola amanani okushisa amaphampu e-hydraulic, ama-actuator, namathangi kaphethiloli. Hlaziya ukuthi ngabe kungaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile.
(4) Umsindo
Thola amanani omsindo angajwayelekile bese uwahlaziya ukuze uthole umthombo womsindo.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izingxenye ze-hydraulic okusolwa ukuthi ziyahluleka kufanele zihlolwe ebhentshini lokuhlola ngokwezinga lokuhlola lasefektri. Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye kufanele kube lula kuqala bese kuba nzima. Izingxenye ezibalulekile azikwazi ukususwa kalula ohlelweni. Ngisho nokuhlolwa kokuhlukaniswa okungaboni.
Indlela Yokuqapha Yesifundazwe
Imishini eminingi ye-hydraulic ngokwayo ifakwe amathuluzi okuthola amapharamitha abalulekile. Noma isikhombikubona sokulinganisa sigcinwe ohlelweni. Singabonakala ngaphandle kokususa izingxenye, noma amapharamitha okusebenza kwezingxenye angatholakala kusikhombikubona, okunikeza isisekelo sobuningi bokuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Isibonelo, izinzwa zokuqapha ezahlukahlukene ezifana nokucindezela, ukugeleza, isikhundla, isivinini, izinga loketshezi, izinga lokushisa, i-alamu yepulagi yesihlungi, njll. zifakiwe ezingxenyeni ezifanele zesistimu ye-hydraulic naku-actuator ngayinye. Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle engxenyeni ethile, ithuluzi lokuqapha lingalinganisa isimo sepharamitha yobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi. Futhi lingaboniswa ngokuzenzakalelayo esikrinini sokulawula, ukuze kuhlaziywe futhi kufundwe, kulungiswe amapharamitha, kutholakale amaphutha, futhi kususwe.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha isimo bunganikeza ulwazi oluhlukahlukene kanye nemingcele yokugcinwa kusengaphambili kwemishini ye-hydraulic. Bungahlonza ngokunembile amaphutha anzima angenakuxazululwa yizitho zomuntu kuphela.
Indlela yokuqapha isimo ngokuvamile isebenza ezinhlotsheni ezilandelayo zemishini ye-hydraulic:
(1) Imishini ye-hydraulic kanye nemigqa ezenzakalelayo enomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizweni konke ngemva kokwehluleka.
(2) Imishini ye-hydraulic kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula okumele kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo kokuphepha.
(3) Izinhlelo ze-hydraulic eziqondile, ezinkulu, ezingavamile, nezibalulekile ezibizayo.
(4) Imishini ye-hydraulic kanye nokulawula kwe-hydraulic okunezindleko zokulungisa eziphezulu noma isikhathi eside sokulungisa kanye nokulahlekelwa okukhulu ngenxa yokuvalwa kokwehluleka.
Lokhu okungenhla kuyindlela yokuxazulula izinkinga zayo yonke imishini ye-hydraulic. Uma ungakakwazi ukuthola imbangela yokwehluleka kwemishini, ungaxhumana nathi.Zhengxiungumkhiqizi odumile wemishini ye-hydraulic, unethimba lesevisi yezinga eliphezulu ngemuva kokuthengisa, futhi unikeza izinsizakalo zochwepheshe zokulungisa imishini ye-hydraulic.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-01-2023
